Apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and its influence on ApoE concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid in Finnish patients with Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
The apoE phenotype of 83 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of 164 non-demented controls was determined by isoelectric focusing and Western blotting. The proportion of the epsilon 4 allele was 0.548 in AD and 0.202 in controls (P < 0.0001). The effect was seen in both early-onset and late-onset AD patients. The risk of AD in epsilon 4 homozygotes was 18-fold greater than in individuals without the epsilon 4 allele. ApoE concentrations were measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a subgroup of patients with AD (n = 72) and controls (n = 84) by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although serum apoE concentrations were lower in individuals with the epsilon 4 allele than in those without the epsilon 4 allele, CSF apoE concentrations did not vary in different phenotype groups. However, CSF apoE levels were lower in AD patients than in controls. We conclude that the inheritance of the epsilon 4 allele of apoE is a risk factor for AD in the Finnish population.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Earlier studies found that CSF apoE concentrations did not vary among different apoE isoforms.
“However, earlier studies found that CSF apoE concentrations did not vary among different apoE isoforms (Landen et al., 1996a; Lehtimaki et al., 1995).”
From The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease (2009) · cites this paper as Lehtimaki et al., 1995
Previous studies of CSF apoE levels in humans provided no clear consensus on whether apoE protein levels are associated with AD.
“Previous studies of CSF apoE levels in humans provided no clear consensus on this question (Landen et al., 1996a; Lefranc et al., 1996; Lehtimaki et al., 1995; Lindh et al., 1997; Mulder et al., 1998; Sihlbom et al., 2008).”
From The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease (2009) · cites this paper as Lehtimaki et al., 1995
Cites
Phenotypes of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E after liver transplantation.
Linton, M. F., Gish, R., Hubl, S. T., Bütler, E., Esquivel, C., Bry, W. I., Boyles, J. K., Wardell, M. R., & Young, S. G. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115288 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease
Kim, J., Basak, J. M., & Holtzman, D. M. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.06.026 · Cited by 1,661 · see citing works
Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Amyloid β Proteins 1-40 and 1-42 in Alzheimer Disease
Mehta, P. D., Pirttilä, T., Mehta, S. P., Sersen, E. A., Aisen, P. S., & Wisniewski, H. M. (2000) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.57.1.100 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Self-citationAPOE distribution in world populations with new data from India and the UK
Singh, P. P., Singh, M., & Mastana, S. S. (2006) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014460600594513 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Nascent astrocyte particles differ from lipoproteins in CSF
LaDu, M. J., Gilligan, S. M., Lukens, J. R., Cabana, V. G., Reardon, C. A., Van Eldik, L. J., & Holtzman, D. M. (1998) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70052070.x · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Circulating Biomarkers of Cognitive Decline and Dementia
Solfrizzi, V., D'Introno, A., Colacicco, A. M., Capurso, C., Todarello, O., Pellicani, V., Capurso, S. A., Pietrarossa, G., Santamato, V., Capurso, A., et al. (2006) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2005.06.015 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
In Vivo Human Apolipoprotein E Isoform Fractional Turnover Rates in the CNS
Wildsmith, K. R., Basak, J. M., Patterson, B. W., Pyatkivskyy, Y., Kim, J., Yarasheski, K. E., Wang, J. X., Mawuenyega, K. G., Jiang, H., Parsadanian, M., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038013 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“isoform status on ApoE protein levels in the CSF [19,23,33–35] and brain [20,36–38].”
BackgroundHan, S.-H., Kim, J. S., Lee, Y., Choi, H., Kim, J.-W., Na, D. L., Yang, E. G., Yu, M.-H., Hwang, D., Lee, C., et al. (2014) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m113.028639 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lehtim�ki, T., Pirttil�, T., Mehta, P., Wisniewski, H., Frey, H., & Nikkari, T.
- Affiliations
- Tampere University Hospital (FI)
- Tampere University (FI)
- Venue
- Human Genetics
- Published
- 1995-01
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 39-42
- ISSN
- 0018-7348 (ISSN-L)
- 0340-6717
- 1432-1203
- OpenAlex
- W2000822223
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
- Emil Aaltosen Säätiö
- Pirkanmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- apolipoprotein E, APOE polymorphism, Alzheimer's disease, genetic risk factors, Finnish population, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, late-onset Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alleles, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Female, Finland, Gene Frequency, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, Risk Factors, Age of Onset
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
