A bimodal map of space: somatosensory receptive fields in the macaque putamen with corresponding visual receptive fields
Abstract
The macaque putamen contains neurons that respond to somatosensory stimuli such as light touch, joint movement, or deep muscle pressure. Their receptive fields are arranged to form a map of the body. In the face and arm region of this somatotopic map we found neurons that responded to visual stimuli. Some neurons were bimodal, responding to both visual and somatosensory stimuli, while others were purely visual, or purely somatosensory. The bimodal neurons usually responded to light cutaneous stimulation, rather than to joint movement or deep muscle pressure. They responded to visual stimuli near their tactile receptive field and were not selective for the shape or the color of the stimuli. For cells with tactile receptive fields on the face, the visual receptive field subtended a solid angle extending from the tactile receptive field to about 10 cm. For cells with tactile receptive fields on the arm, the visual receptive field often extended further from the animal. These bimodal properties provide a map of the visual space that immediately surrounds the monkey. The map is organized somatotopically, that is, by body part, rather than retinotopically as in most visual areas. It could function to guide movements in the animal's immediate vicinity. Cortical areas 6, 7b, and VIP contain bimodal cells with very similar properties to those in the putamen. We suggest that the bimodal cells in area 6, 7b, VIP, and the putamen form part of an interconnected system that represents extr…
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The visual receptive fields of putamen visuotactile neurons are associated with representations of the head or upper limbs.
“The visual receptive fields of these neurons are associated with representations of the head or upper limbs(Graziano and Gross 1993).”
From Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition (2024) · cites this paper as Graziano and Gross 1993
Single neurons in ventral premotor cortex, putamen, and parietal cortex are selectively modulated by objects near the hand or face.
“Several studies have shown that activities of single neurons in ventral premotor cortex (Graziano, Yap, & Gross, 1994;Rizzolatti, Scandolara, Matelli, & Gentilucci, 1981), the putamen (Graziano & Gross, 1993) and the parietal cortex (Colby, Duhamel, & Goldberg, 1993) were selectively modulated by the presence of objects near the hand or the face.”
From The Peripersonal Space in a social world (2021) · cites this paper as Graziano & Gross, 1993
These regions form a circuit involved in integrating visual, tactile, and motor information.
“These regions have been suggested to form a circuit involved in integrating visual, tactile, and motor information (Rizzolatti et al. 1981, 1998; Gentilucci et al. 1988; Graziano and Gross 1993)”
From Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition (2024) · cites this paper as Graziano and Gross 1993
A network of interconnected regions in the prefrontal, parietal, and subcortical areas exhibits sensory responses across multiple modalities.
“This body of influential literature has identified a network of interconnected regions in the prefrontal, parietal, and subcortical areas, which exhibit sensory responses across multiple modalities.”
From Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition (2024) · cites this paper as Graziano and Gross 1993
The putamen has been implicated in the neural mechanisms underlying PPS since early investigations in the macaque brain, where visuo-tactile neurons with properties similar to those observed in the PMVc, area 7b, and VIP were discovered.
“Putamen, a key structure in basal ganglia circuitry, has been implicated in the neural mechanisms underlying PPS since early investigations in the macaque brain, where visuo-tactile neurons with properties similar to those observed in the PMVc, area 7b, and VIP were discovered (Graziano and Gross 1993).”
From Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition (2024) · cites this paper as Graziano and Gross 1993
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References 64 · Cited by 408
- Authors
- Graziano, M. A., & Gross, C.
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 1993-12
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 96-109
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- OpenAlex
- W2062859517
- Cited by
- 408
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh019420-24)
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH MH-19420)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- bimodal neurons, visual receptive fields, somatotopic map, putamen, macaque, light touch, VIP, joint movement
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Arm, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Female, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta, Male, Movement, Neurons, Parietal Lobe, Photic Stimulation, Physical Stimulation, Putamen, Space Perception, Touch, Visual Fields
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