Bone mass in androgen-insensitivity syndrome: response to hormonal replacement therapy.
Abstract
The response of bone mass to long-term treatment with estrogen and progesterone in patients with complete androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is unknown. We report a 17-year-old female patient (karyotype 46 X, Y) with AIS studied during a 4-year period. Bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in lumbar spine and proximal femur was sharply reduced at the initial visit; and remained unchanged during long-term follow-up on hormone replacement therapy with estrogens and progestin. Bone metabolism markers were all in the normal range. The lack of significant increase in BMD highlights the importance of androgens on bone physiology that cannot be balanced in spite of an appropriate estrogenic milieu.
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Both estrogens and androgens are required to acquire normal bone mineral density.
“Such data suggest that both estrogens and androgens are required to acquire normal bone mineral density.”
From Endocrine and intracrine sources of androgens in women: inhibition of breast cancer and other roles of androgens and their precursor dehydroepiandrosterone (2003) · cites this paper as [44]
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References 12 · Cited by 81
- Authors
- Muñoz-Torres, M., Jódar, E., Quesada, M., & Escobar-Jiménez, F.
- Affiliations
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (ES)
- ORCID
- Jódar, E.
- Venue
- Calcified Tissue International
- Published
- 1995-08
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 94-96
- ISSN
- 0171-967X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0827
- OpenAlex
- W1986710679
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Calcified Tissue International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Keywords
- androgen insensitivity syndrome, bone mineral density, hormone replacement therapy, estrogen therapy, progestins, bone loss, androgen deficiency, bone turnover markers, XY karyotype, adolescent girls
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cryptorchidism, Estradiol, Estrogens, Conjugated (USP), Female, Femur, Humans, Karyotyping, Male, Norgestrel, Disorders of Sex Development, Spine, Syndrome, X Chromosome, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Progesterone Congeners
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