Cited by 400Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyBacterial biofilms and quorum sensingBiochemical and Structural Characterization

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Emerging knowledge of regulatory roles of d-amino acids in bacteria

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Cava, Felipe, Lam, Hubert, de Pedro, Miguel A., Waldor, Matthew K.·2011·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Abstract

The D-enantiomers of amino acids have been thought to have relatively minor functions in biological processes. While L-amino acids clearly predominate in nature, D-amino acids are sometimes found in proteins that are not synthesized by ribosomes, and D-Ala and D-Glu are routinely found in the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria. Here, we review recent findings showing that D-amino acids have previously unappreciated regulatory roles in the bacterial kingdom. Many diverse bacterial phyla synthesize and release D-amino acids, including D-Met and D-Leu, which were not previously known to be made. These noncanonical D-amino acids regulate cell wall remodeling in stationary phase and cause biofilm dispersal in aging bacterial communities. Elucidating the mechanisms by which D-amino acids govern cell wall remodeling and biofilm disassembly will undoubtedly reveal new paradigms for understanding how extracytoplasmic processes are regulated as well as lead to development of novel therapeutics.

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  • (R)-amino acids have been detected in the cell wall peptidoglycan layer of bacteria and in various peptides of bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.

    “On the other side, (R)-amino acids have been detected in the cell wall peptidoglycan layer of bacteria 585 and in various peptides of bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.”

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Metadata

Authors
Cava, F., Lam, H., de Pedro, M. A., & Waldor, M. K.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
Corresponding author
Waldor, Matthew K.
Venue
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Published
2010-12-14
Volume
68
Issue
5
Pages
817-831
ISSN
  • 1420-682X (ISSN-L)
  • 1420-9071
OpenAlex
W2140170361
Cited by
400
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 8
FWCI
0.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI R37-42347, R37AI042347)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Structural Characterization
Keywords
D-amino acids, bacterial regulation, cell wall remodeling, biofilm dispersal, D-methionine, D-leucine, peptidoglycan, stationary phase, unnatural amino acids, bacterial cell wall
MeSH terms
Amino Acid Isomerases, Amino Acids, Bacteria, Cell Wall, Models, Biological, Peptidoglycan, Spores, Bacterial, Biofilms

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