The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus is not the same in young adults as in children
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis This prospective study examined the epidemiology of Type 1 diabetes in young adults in Europe.Methods We ascertained incident cases of Type 1 diabetes in the 15 to 29 years (both inclusive) age group throughout Europe over a period of 2 years. Diabetes registries in nine countries, in which incidence rates for Type 1 diabetes in the 0 to 14 age group were available, took part. Incidence rates were estimated per 100000 person years and standardised for sex and age. Cumulative incidences per 1000 from birth to age 30 were estimated. Heterogeneity between centres was tested with a Poisson regression model.Results A total of 2112 diabetes cases were ascertained in 1996 and 1997, of which 61.4% were considered to be Type 1 diabetes. Completeness of ascertainment varied from 70 to 90%. Standardised incidence varied from 4.8 per 100000 person years to 13.4 per 100000 person years. The male-female ratio was estimated to be one or more, and in the 25 to 29 age group 1.5 or more in all countries. Cumulative incidences for males and females indicate that the former exceeds the latter from age 24. In the two centres with highest childhood incidence, this applied already from 14 years of age.Conclusions/interpretation The incidence of Type 1 diabetes in adults is lower than in children and the range of incidence is also reduced, with a less than threefold variation in adults, against an eightfold variation in children. There is a male excess in incidence, especially in the age group 25 to 29 years.
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Many reports indicate an excess of type 1 diabetes cases in male adults after the pubertal years, with a male-to-female ratio of at least 1.5, in populations of European origin.
“Many reports indicate an excess of T1D cases in male adults after the pubertal years (male-female ratio ≥1.5) in populations of European origin 31–34.”
From Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [34]
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References 36 · Cited by 150
- Authors
- Kyvik, K. O., Nystrom, L., Gorus, F., Songini, M., Oestman, J., Castell, C., Green, A., Guyrus, E., Ionescu-Tirgoviste, C., McKinney, P. A., Michalkova, D., Ostrauskas, R., & Raymond, N. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (ES)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- University of Pecs (HU)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LT)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kyvik, K. O.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 377-384
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2018062247
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (submittedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission (DG-12-SSMI)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, young adults, incidence, pediatric diabetes, sex differences, cumulative incidence, age-standardized incidence rate, case ascertainment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Europe, Humans, Registries, Incidence
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