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Beyond model interpretability: socio-structural explanations in machine learning
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“Another potential reason for lack of clarity is that models are often studied in a vacuum: Smart & Kasirzadeh (2024) emphasize that the usefulness or correctness of model interpretations can depend on the broader context of the model's development or deployment.”
From Open Problems in Mechanistic Interpretability (2025) · cites this paper as Smart & Kasirzadeh, 2024
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Cites
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“A widely discussed example in the growing body of literature on algorithmic bias is the study by Obermeyer et al. [49].”
InfluentialRaji, I. D., Smart, A., White, R. N., Mitchell, M., Gebru, T., Hutchinson, B., Smith-Loud, J., Theron, D., & Barnes, P. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3351095.3372873 · Cited by 2,245
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Interpretation of Neural Networks Is Fragile
Ghorbani, A., Abid, A., & Zou, J. (2019) · Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013681 · Cited by 765
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Hoffmann, A. L. (2019) · Information, Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/1369118x.2019.1573912 · Cited by 535
Towards a critical race methodology in algorithmic fairness
Hanna, A., Denton, R., Smart, A., & Smith-Loud, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3351095.3372826 · Cited by 295 · cited 1×
“However, geographic disparities affect job availability and commute times, disproportionately impacting women with childbearing responsibilities.”
Self-citationRaji, I. D., Smart, A., White, R. N., Mitchell, M., Gebru, T., Hutchinson, B., Smith-Loud, J., Theron, D., & Barnes, P. (2020) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.00973 · Cited by 179
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Open Problems in Mechanistic Interpretability
Sharkey, L., Chughtai, B., Batson, J., Lindsey, J., Wu, J., Bushnaq, L., Goldowsky-Dill, N., Heimersheim, S., Ortega, A., Bloom, J., et al. (2025) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2501.16496 · Cited by 291
Metadata
- Authors
- Smart, A., & Kasirzadeh, A.
- Affiliations
- Google (United States) (US)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Smart, Andrew
- ORCID
- Smart, Andrew
- Venue
- AI & SOCIETY
- Published
- 2024-09-05
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2045-2053
- ISSN
- 0951-5666 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-5655
- OpenAlex
- W4402275636
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 2.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- AI & Society (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Keywords
- model interpretability, explainable AI, social philosophy, social structure, algorithmic transparency, algorithmic bias, racial bias, normative domains
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