The DOI matches its Crossref record; 122 of the 122 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Process models in design and development
Open accessAbstract
Many models of the design and development process have been published over the years, representing it for different purposes and from different points of view. This article contributes an organising framework that clarifies the topology of the literature on these models and thereby relates the main perspectives that have been developed. The main categories of model are introduced. Their contexts, advantages, and limitations are considered through discussion of selected examples. It is demonstrated that the framework integrates coverage of earlier reviews and as such provides a new perspective on the literature. Finally, key characteristics of design and development process models are discussed considering their applications in practice, and opportunities for further research are suggested. Overall, the article should aid researchers in positioning new models and new modelling approaches in relation to state-of-the-art. It may also be of interest to practitioners and educators seeking an overview of developments in this area.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
International Organization for Standardization
(2011) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_16847 · Cited by 12,534
PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
(2018) · Handbook of Research on New Product Development · doi:10.4337/9781784718152.00017 · Cited by 5,504
The analytic hierarchy process—what it is and how it is used
Saaty, R. W. (1987) · Mathematical Modelling · doi:10.1016/0270-0255(87)90473-8 · Cited by 5,380
A spiral model of software development and enhancement
Boehm, B. W. (1988) · Computer · doi:10.1109/2.59 · Cited by 4,972
Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach
(1963) · Students Quarterly Journal · doi:10.1049/sqj.1963.0055 · Cited by 4,100
The interdisciplinary study of coordination
Malone, T. W., & Crowston, K. (1994) · ACM Computing Surveys · doi:10.1145/174666.174668 · Cited by 3,504
A framework for information systems architecture
Zachman, J. A. (1987) · IBM Systems Journal · doi:10.1147/sj.263.0276 · Cited by 3,228
THE APPLICATION OF PETRI NETS TO WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT
van der Aalst, W. M. P. (1998) · Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers · doi:10.1142/s0218126698000043 · Cited by 2,716
Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem–solution
Dorst, K., & Cross, N. (2001) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/s0142-694x(01)00009-6 · Cited by 2,357
Hauser, J. R. (1988) · Harvard business review · Cited by 2,266
Cited by
IdeationWeb: Tracking the Evolution of Design Ideas in Human-AI Co-Creation
Shen, H., Shen, L., Wu, W., & Zhang, K. (2025) · Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713375 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Wynn, D. C., & Clarkson, P. J.
- Venue
- Research in Engineering Design
- Published
- 2017-07-12
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 161-202
- ISSN
- 0934-9839 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-6066
- OpenAlex
- W2734506432
- Cited by
- 319
- References
- 122
- FWCI
- 21.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Process models in design and development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s00163-017-0262-7
- The paper
- Wynn, D. C., & Clarkson, P. J. (2018). Process models in design and development. Research in Engineering Design. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-017-0262-7
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
