European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Open accessAbstract
Guidance is provided in a European setting on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk from fractures due to osteoporosis. The International Osteoporosis Foundation and European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis published guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in 2013. This manuscript updates these in a European setting. Systematic reviews were updated. The following areas are reviewed: the role of bone mineral density measurement for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk; general and pharmacological management of osteoporosis; monitoring of treatment; assessment of fracture risk; case-finding strategies; investigation of patients; health economics of treatment. The update includes new information on the evaluation of bone microstructure evaluation in facture risk assessment, the role of FRAX® and Fracture Liaison Services in secondary fracture prevention, long-term effects on fracture risk of dietary intakes, and increased fracture risk on stopping drug treatment. A platform is provided on which specific guidelines can be developed for national use.
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DXA is the clinical reference standard to quantify BMD, yielding areal bone mineral density (aBMD).
“Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the clinical reference standard to quantify BMD, yielding the areal bone mineral density (aBMD).5”
From In Vivo Bone Mineral Density Assessment With Spectral Localizer Radiographs From Photon-Counting Detector CT (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
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200 of 340 shown
- Authors
- on behalf of the Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO) and the Committees of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), Kanis, J. A., Cooper, C., Rizzoli, R., & Reginster, J.-Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- University of Liège (BE)
- Venue
- Osteoporosis International
- Published
- 2018-10-15
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-44
- ISSN
- 0937-941X (ISSN-L)
- 1433-2965
- PMC
- PMC7026233
- OpenAlex
- W4253165656
- Cited by
- 1,900
- References
- 373
- Citations by year
- 2026: 237 · 2025: 247 · 2024: 309 · 2023: 304 · 2022: 268 · 2021: 228 · 2020: 190 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 140.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Osteoporosis International (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (10/33/04, NF-SI-0508-10082, NF-SI-0513-10085)
- Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12011/2, MC_UU_12011/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Hip and Femur Fractures
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, postmenopausal women, fracture risk assessment, bone mineral density, FRAX, fracture liaison service, secondary fracture prevention, treatment monitoring, bone microarchitecture, dietary intake, health economics, case finding
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