The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of benzodiazepine agonists on punished responding in pigeons and their relationship with clinical doses in humans
Abstract
Anxiolytic drugs generally produce anticonflict effects in both pigeons and rats, although relatively few anxiolytics have been examined in the pigeon and the procedure has not been as completely validated as the rat model. In this study, we examined the antipunishment effects of a variety of benzodiazepine agonists in pigeons and compared the relationship between their potencies to engender anxiolytic-like effects and their clinical doses in humans. In pigeons whose responding was maintained under a multiple FR30food:FR30food+shock schedule, the benzodiazepine agonists diazepam, flunitrazepam, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, flurazepam, bromazepam, medazepam, and clorazepate produced dose-related increases in punished responding, and, with the exception of medazepam, decreased unpunished responding at higher doses. Potencies calculated from the percentage of pigeons showing significant increases in punished responding ranged from 0.081 to 11 mg/kg, and these potencies were invariably lower than those for decreases in unpunished responding by factors ranging from 2.2 to more than 14. The comparison of relative potencies of benzodiazepine receptor agonists in pigeons and humans revealed a high positive correlation (0.90, P<0.005), thus demonstrating the predictive validity of this preclinical animal model for anxiolytic benzodiazepines. The results agree with previous findings of robust anticonflict effects of benzodiazepine receptor agonists and extend further the pharmacological characterization to compounds that have not been examined previously in pigeons.
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“Anxiolytic effects increase hyperbolically in pigeons (Kleven & Koek, 1999), rats (Dubinsky et al., 2002), and non-human primates (Rowlett et al., 2005) (Figure 3c).”
From Pharmacological principles for safe benzodiazepine and Z-drug dose reduction (2026) · cites this paper as Kleven & Koek, 1999
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Millan, M. J., Brocco, M., Gobert, A., & Dekeyne, A. (2004) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1962-z · Cited by 253
Rowlett, J. K., Lelas, S., Tornatzky, W., & Licata, S. C. (2005) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0228-8 · Cited by 37
Bacon, É., Schwartz, B. L., Paire‐Ficout, L., & Izaute, M. (2006) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2006.05.001 · Cited by 22
McMahon, L. R., & France, C. P. (2005) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706550 · Cited by 18
A CHOICE PROCEDURE TO ASSESS THE AVERSIVE EFFECTS OF DRUGS IN RODENTS
Podlesnik, C. A., Jimenez‐Gomez, C., & Woods, J. H. (2010) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.2010.93-203 · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Kleven, M. S., & Koek, W.
- Affiliations
- Pierre Fabre (France) (FR)
- Venue
- Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 1999-01-11
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 206-212
- ISSN
- 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2072
- OpenAlex
- W2080256961
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- benzodiazepine receptor agonists, anxiolytics, anticonflict effect, punished responding, pigeons, drug potency, predictive validity, diazepam, flunitrazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam, clorazepate, medazepam, flurazepam, chlordiazepoxide, bromazepam
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Benzodiazepines, Conflict, Psychological, Humans, Male, Columbidae, Punishment, Anti-Anxiety Agents
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