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Oxygen dynamics and transport in the Mediterranean sponge Aplysina aerophoba
Open accessAbstract
The Mediterranean sponge Aplysina aerophoba kept in aquaria or cultivation tanks can stop pumping for several hours or even days. To investigate changes in the chemical microenvironments, we measured oxygen profiles over the surface and into the tissue of pumping and non-pumping A. aerophoba specimens with Clark-type oxygen microelectrodes (tip diameters 18–30 μm). Total oxygen consumption rates of whole sponges were measured in closed chambers. These rates were used to back-calculate the oxygen distribution in a finite-element model. Combining direct measurements with calculations of diffusive flux and modeling revealed that the tissue of non-pumping sponges turns anoxic within 15 min, with the exception of a 1 mm surface layer where oxygen intrudes due to molecular diffusion over the sponge surface. Molecular diffusion is the only transport mechanism for oxygen into non-pumping sponges, which allows total oxygen consumption rates of 6–12 μmol cm −3 sponge day −1 . Sponges of different sizes had similar diffusional uptake rates, which is explained by their similar surface/volume ratios. In pumping sponges, oxygen consumption rates were between 22 and 37 μmol cm −3 sponge day −1 , and the entire tissue was oxygenated. Combining different approaches of direct oxygen measurement in living sponges with a dynamic model, we can show that tissue anoxia is a direct function of the pumping behavior. The sponge-microbe system of A. aerophoba thus has the possibility to switch actively between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism by stopping the water flow for more than 15 min. These periods of anoxia will greatly influence physiological variety and activity of the sponge microbes. Detailed knowledge about the varying chemical microenvironments in sponges will help to develop protocols to cultivate sponge-associated microbial lineages and improve our understanding of the sponge-microbe-system.
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“Internal anoxia, however, does appear to be a common feature of sponge physiology (34,35).”
From Oxygen requirements of the earliest animals (2014) · cites this paper as [35]
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Sahoo, S. K., Planavsky, N. J., Kendall, B., Wang, X., Shi, X., Scott, C., Anbar, A. D., Lyons, T. W., & Jiang, G. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11445 · Cited by 544
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Oxygen requirements of the earliest animals
Mills, D. B., Ward, L. M., Jones, C., Sweeten, B., Forth, M., Treusch, A. H., & Canfield, D. E. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1400547111 · Cited by 355
Complex nitrogen cycling in the sponge Geodia barretti
Hoffmann, F., Radax, R., Woebken, D., Holtappels, M., Lavik, G., Rapp, H. T., Schläppy, M., Schleper, C., & Kuypers, M. M. M. (2009) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01944.x · Cited by 301
Self-citationSiegl, A., Kamke, J., Hochmuth, T., Piel, J., Richter, M., Liang, C., Dandekar, T., & Hentschel, U. (2011) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.95 · Cited by 276
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hoffmann, F., Røy, H., Bayer, K., Hentschel, U., Pfannkuchen, M., Brümmer, F., & de Beer, D.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology (DE)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hoffmann, Friederike
- Venue
- Marine Biology
- Published
- 2008-01-22
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1257-1264
- ISSN
- 0025-3162 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1793
- PMC
- PMC3873076
- OpenAlex
- W2112561701
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Marine Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Keywords
- Aplysina aerophoba, oxygen transport, tissue anoxia, oxygen consumption rate, molecular diffusion, finite element model, aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, chemical microenvironment
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