Cited by 178Vestibular and auditory disordersVisual perception and processing mechanismsHallucinations in medical conditions

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Vision and vertigo

Bronstein, Adolfo M.·2004·Journal of Neurology

DOI 10.1007/s00415-004-0410-7

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Abstract

This review deals with two syndromes, oscillopsia and visual vertigo. Oscillopsia is the illusion of oscillation of the visual surroundings. For diagnosis purposes one should ask, when does the oscillopsia occur? If oscillopsia is only present during head (or whole body) movements, the likely underlying cause is a bilateral defect in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The more common causes are post meningitic vestibular damage, gentamicin ototoxicity or bilateral idiopathic vestibular failure. When oscillopsia develops after specific head positions, it is usually due to a positional nystagmus, usually the result of brainstem-cerebellar disease. When the oscillopsia is largely unrelated to head movements, one should ask, is it fairly constant or is it in attacks (paroxysmal)? If the oscillopsia is constant it is usually due to the presence of a clinically observable nystagmus; the most common is downbeat nystagmus but the most visually disabling is pendular nystagmus. If the oscillopsia comes in brief attacks it is usually due to a paroxysmal nystagmus as observed in irritative VIII nerve and brainstem lesions. However, the most common cause of paroxysmal oscillopsia is a non organic condition called voluntary nystagmus. Treatment of oscillopsia is often pharmacological but disappointing; the best chance of success is carbamazepine for paroxysmal disorders secondary to structural vestibular nerve/nuclear lesions.Visual vertigo should not be confused with oscillopsia. It can b…

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Authors: Bronstein, A. M.
Affiliations: Charing Cross Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author: Bronstein, Adolfo M.
ORCID: Bronstein, Adolfo M.
Venue: Journal of Neurology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2004-04-01
Volume: 251
Issue: 4
Pages: 381-387
ISSN: 0012-1037 (ISSN-L)
0340-5354
1432-1459
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-004-0410-7
OpenAlex: W9488502
Cited by: 178
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 4.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
Keywords: oscillopsia, visual vertigo, vestibulo-ocular reflex, positional nystagmus, downbeat nystagmus, pendular nystagmus, gentamicin ototoxicity, vestibular rehabilitation, carbamazepine
MeSH terms: Humans, Illusions, Vertigo, Vision, Ocular, Vision Disorders, Vestibular Diseases, Head Movements

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