GAS1 is present in the cerebrospinal fluid and is expressed in the choroid plexus of the adult rat

Abstract

Growth arrest specific 1 (GAS1) is a GPI-anchored protein that inhibits proliferation when overexpressed in tumors but during development it promotes proliferation and survival of different organs and tissues. This dual ability is caused by its capacity to interact both by inhibiting the signaling induced by the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and by facilitating the activity of the sonic hedgehog pathway. GAS1 is expressed as membrane bound in different organs and as a secreted form by glomerular mesangial cells. In the developing central nervous system, GAS1 is found in neural progenitors; however, it continues to be expressed in the adult brain. Here, we demonstrate that soluble GAS1 is present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and it is expressed in the choroid plexus (CP) of the adult rat, the main producer of CSF. Additionally, we confirm the presence of GAS1 in blood plasma and liver of the adult rat, the principal source of blood plasma proteins. The pattern of expression of GAS1 is perivascular in both the CP and the liver. In vitro studies show that the fibroblast cell line NIH/3T3 expresses one form of GAS1 and releases two soluble forms into the supernatant. Briefly, in the present work, we show the presence of GAS1 in adult rat body fluids focusing in the CSF and the CP, and suggest that secreted GAS1 exists as two different isoforms.