Serotonin and Its Role in Colonic Function and in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is most commonly thought of as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. However, the predominant site of serotonin synthesis, storage, and release is the enterochromaffin cells of the intestinal mucosa. Within the intestinal mucosa, serotonin released from EC cells activates neural reflexes associated with intestinal secretion, motility, and sensation. Two important receptors for serotonin that are located in the neural circuitry of the intestines are the 5-HT(3) and 5-HT(4) receptors; these are the targets of drugs designed to treat gastrointestinal disorders. 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists are used to treat nausea and emesis associated with chemotherapy and for functional disorders associated with diarrhea. 5-HT(4) receptor agonists are used as promotility agents to promote gastric emptying and to alleviate constipation. Because of the importance of serotonin in normal gut function and sensation, a number of studies have investigated potential changes in mucosal serotonin signaling in pathologic conditions. Despite the inconsistencies in the current literature, changes in serotonin signaling have now been demonstrated in inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome, and idiopathic constipation. Emerging evidence has led to many contradictory theories regarding serotonin signaling and its roles in the pathology of gut disorders. This review summarizes the current medications affecting serotonin signalin…
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Presence in the gastrointestinal tract of pathogenic bacteria, including E. coli, V. cholerae, or Salmonella typhimurium, has been associated with an increased secretion of serotonin into the lamina propria.
“Presence in the gastrointestinal tract of pathogenic bacteria, including E. coli, V. cholerae, or Salmonella typhimurium, has been associated with an increased secretion of serotonin into the lamina propria.62”
From Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis (2009) · cites this paper as [62]
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References 138 · Cited by 170
- Authors
- Costedio, M. M., Hyman, N., & Mawe, G. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Venue
- Diseases of the Colon & Rectum
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 376-388
- ISSN
- 0012-3706 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2056557244
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 138
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 1.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diseases of the Colon & Rectum (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK62267, R01DK062267)
- National Center for Research Resources (P20-RR16435, P20RR016435)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Keywords
- serotonin, serotonin receptors, enterochromaffin cells, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, 5-HT4 receptor agonist, gastrointestinal motility, colonic function, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome, idiopathic constipation, serotonin signaling, gastrointestinal diseases
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Colon, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Receptors, Serotonin, Serotonin, Serotonin Antagonists, Signal Transduction, Serotonin Agents, Gastrointestinal Tract
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