The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Considering Multiscalar Approaches to Creolization Among Enslaved Laborers at Estate Bethlehem, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Stephan Lenik's (2009) investigation of enslaved laborers at Estate Lower Bethlehem, St. Croix, Virgin Islands, revealed that a multiscalar approach was needed when describing artifacts that are placed in the context of a multicultural creolized society such as St. Croix.”
From An Archaeology of Struggle: Material Remnants of a Double Consciousness in the American South and Danish Caribbean Communities (2019) · cites this paper as Lenik 2009
In the citing paper
“He analyzed both Afro-Crucian coarse earthenware and European ceramics to highlight the existence of local, regional, and international trade networks that were expressed in these different categories of ceramics (Lenik 2009).”
From An Archaeology of Struggle: Material Remnants of a Double Consciousness in the American South and Danish Caribbean Communities (2019) · cites this paper as Lenik 2009
Citations
Cites
The Development of Creole Society in Jamaica.
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Herskovits, M. J. (1961) · Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation · doi:10.1075/babel.7.4.05her · Cited by 811
The Plural Society in the British West Indies.
Freilich, M., & Smith, M. G. (1966) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575850 · Cited by 675
Enduring Substances, Trying Theories: The Caribbean Region as Oikoumene
Mintz, S. W. (1996) · The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.2307/3034097 · Cited by 338
Frontiers and Boundaries in Archaeological Perspective
Lightfoot, K. G., & Martinez, A. (1995) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.002351 · Cited by 337
Studies in Culture Contact: Interaction, Culture Change, and Archaeology
Cusick, J. G., Deagan, K. A., Rice, P. M., Schuyler, R. L., Ramenofsky, A. F., & Schortman, E. (2015) · Digital Kenyon (Kenyon College) · Cited by 313
An anthropological approach to the Afro-American past : a Caribbean perspective
Mintz, S. W., & Price, R. N. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 308
Creolization: History, Ethnography, Theory
Stewart, C. W. (2007) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · doi:10.4324/9781315431338-6 · Cited by 277
The development of Creole society in Jamaica, 1770-1820
Brathwaite, K. (1971) · Cited by 243
"I, Too, Am America": Archaeological Studies of African-American Life
Kamoie, L. C., & Singleton, T. A. (2001) · The Journal of Southern History · doi:10.2307/3070031 · Cited by 236
Research works printed but not linked: 23
- Alleman R (1939) An investigation of Moravian pottery in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Bachelor of Science thesis, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA
- Allen C (2002) Creole: the problem of definition. In: Shepherd VA, Richards GL (eds) Questioning Creole: Creolisation discourses in Caribbean culture. Randle, Kingston, Jamaica, pp 47–63
- Bost A (1834) History of the Bohemian and Moravian Brethren. Religious Tract Society, London
- Dookhan I (1972) The Virgin Islands company and corporation: the plan for economic rehabilitation of the Virgin Islands. J Caribb Hist 4:54–76
- Gartley RT (1979) Afro-Cruzan pottery: a new type style of colonial earthenware from St. Croix. J Virg Isl Archaeol Soc 8:47–61
- Highfield AR (1996) Patterns of accommodation and resistance: the Moravian witness to slavery in the Danish West Indies. In: Tyson GF (ed) Bondmen and freedmen in the Danish Virgin Islands: scholarly perspectives. Virgin Islands Humanities Council, US Virgin Islands, pp 142–159
- Holsoe SE (1994) The origin, transport, introduction and distribution of Africans on St. Croix: an overview. In: Tyson GF, Highfield AR (eds) The Danish West Indian slave trade: Virgin Islands perspectives. Virgin Islands Humanities Council, St. Croix, pp 33–46
- Hopkins D (1988) The Danish cadastral survey of St. Croix, 1733–1754. PhD dissertation, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
- Kelly KG, Hauser MW (2008) Colonies without frontiers: inter-island trade in the eighteenth and nineteenth century Caribbean. J Caribb Archaeol (in press)
- Lenik S (2004) Historical archaeological approaches to Afro-Cruzan identity at estate lower Bethlehem, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Master’s thesis, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
- Lenik S (2005a) Examining Afro-Cruzan identity at Estate Lower Bethlehem, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Paper presented at the 38th Annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, York, England
- Lenik S (2006) Archaeological evidence of Moravian pottery and trading networks in the Danish Virgin Islands. Paper presented at the 39th Annual Conference on Historical and Underwater Archaeology, Sacramento, CA
- Lewisohn F (1970) St. Croix under seven flags. Dukane, Hollywood, CA
- Loren DD (2005) Creolization in the French and Spanish colonies. In: Pauketat TR, Loren DD (eds) North American archaeology. Blackwell, Malden, MA, pp 297–318
- Lovejoy PE, Trotman DV (2002) Enslaved Africans and their expectations of slave life in the Americas: towards a reconsideration of models of “Creolisation. In: Shepherd VA, Richards GL (eds) Questioning Creole: Creolisation discourses in Caribbean culture. Randle, Kingston, Jamaica, pp 67–91
- Meley Fv (1779) A plan of the estate called Bethlehem. Danish National Museum, Copenhagen
- Mouer LD, Hodges ME, Potter SR, Renaud SLH, Noël Hume I, Pogue DJ, McCartney MW, Davidson TE (1999) Colonoware, Chesapeake pipes, and “uncritical assumptions.. In: Singleton T (ed) I, too, am America”: archaeological studies of African-American life. University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, pp 83–115
- Otto JS (1977) Artifacts and status differences—a comparison of ceramics from planter, overseer, and slave sites on an antebellum plantation. In: South S (ed) Research strategies in historical archaeology. Academic, New York, pp 91–118
- Sensbach JF (2001) Race and the early Moravian church: a comparative perspective. Trans Morav Hist Soc 31:1–10
- Shepherd VA, Richards GL (2002) Introduction. In: Shepherd VA, Richards GL (eds) Questioning Creole: Creolisation discourses in Caribbean culture. Randle, Kingston, Jamaica, pp xi–xxvii
- Singleton TA (1998) Cultural interaction and African American identity in plantation archaeology. In: Cusick JG (ed) Studies in culture contact: interaction, culture change, and archaeology. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, pp 172–188
- Tyson GF (1992) On the periphery of the peripheries: the cotton plantations of St. Croix, Danish West Indies, 1735–1815. J Caribb Hist 26(1):1–36
- Wild KS, Pasquariello R (1997) Archaeological survey at Army National Guard Headquarters, St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands. Southeast Archaeological Center, National Park Service, Tallahassee, FL
Cited by
Odewale, A. (2019) · Transforming Anthropology · doi:10.1111/traa.12165 · Cited by 15
Odewale, A., Foster, H. T., & Torres, J. M. (2017) · Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage · doi:10.1080/21619441.2017.1290959 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Lenik, S.
- Venue
- International Journal of Historical Archaeology
- Published
- 2008-08-26
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12-26
- ISSN
- 1092-7697
- 1573-7748
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 67
- Language
- en
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Considering Multiscalar Approaches to Creolization Among Enslaved Laborers at Estate Bethlehem, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s10761-008-0070-x
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- Lenik, S. (2009). Considering Multiscalar Approaches to Creolization Among Enslaved Laborers at Estate Bethlehem, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. International Journal of Historical Archaeology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-008-0070-x
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