The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pathogenesis and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI): role of neuroinflammation and anti-inflammatory drugs
Open accessAbstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important global health concern that represents a leading cause of death and disability. It occurs due to direct impact or hit on the head caused by factors such as motor vehicles, crushes, and assaults. During the past decade, an abundance of new evidence highlighted the importance of inflammation in the secondary damage response that contributes to neurodegenerative and neurological deficits after TBI. It results in disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and initiates the release of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes at the injury site. A growing number of researchers have discovered various signalling pathways associated with the initiation and progression of inflammation. Targeting different signalling pathways (NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, GSK-3, Nrf2, RhoGTPase, TGF-β1, and NLRP3) helps in the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs in the management of TBI. Several synthetic and herbal drugs with both anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective potential showed effective results. This review summarizes different signalling pathways, associated pathologies, inflammatory mediators, pharmacological potential, current status, and challenges with anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Yarahmadi, A., Dorri Giv, M., Hosseininejad, R., Rezaie, A., Mohammadi, N., Afkhami, H., & Farokhi, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1472679 · Cited by 21
Pediatric traumatic brain injury and later psychotic syndromes in Finland
Laaksonen, J., Ponkilainen, V., Möttönen, J., Mattila, V. M., & Kuitunen, I. (2025) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-025-06224-3 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Kalra, S., Malik, R., Singh, G., Bhatia, S., Al-Harrasi, A., Mohan, S., Albratty, M., Albarrati, A., & Tambuwala, M. M.
- Venue
- Inflammopharmacology
- Published
- 2022-07-08
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1153-1166
- ISSN
- 0925-4692 (ISSN-L)
- 1568-5608
- OpenAlex
- W4284897591
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 16.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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