Anxiety as a predictor of age at first use of substances and progression to substance use problems among boys
Open accessAbstract
This study examined associations of generalized and social anxiety with (1) age at first use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana and (2) interval from first use to first problem use of each substance. Participants were 503 males who comprised the youngest cohort (first assessed in the first grade) of the Pittsburgh Youth Study, a longitudinal community-based study of boys. Annual assessments of generalized and social anxiety, delinquency, and substance use from first grade through high school were included. Both types of anxiety predicted earlier first use of alcohol and tobacco, and generalized anxiety predicted earlier first use of marijuana. Both types of anxiety predicted the progression from first use to problems related to marijuana. The effect of generalized anxiety tended to be significant above and beyond the effect of delinquency, while the effect of social anxiety on risk for first use of substances was not. Overall, the associations between anxiety and substance use and related problems depend on the class of substance and the type of anxiety.
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Several anxiety disorders are associated with cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.
“a variety of anxiety disorders (e.g., social anxiety, generalized anxiety, panic) are related to cannabis use and CUD (e.g., Buckner, Heimberg, Ecker, & Vinci, 2013; Marmorstein, White, Loeber, & Stouthamer-Loeber, 2010; Zvolensky et al., 2006)”
From Integrated cognitive behavioral therapy for comorbid cannabis use and anxiety disorders: A pilot randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as Marmorstein, White, Loeber, & Stouthamer-Loeber, 2010
The Results (Risk for Substance-related Problems; page unavailable) link generalized and social anxiety to marijuana-related problems among boys who had used marijuana, although only the social-anxiety association remained significant after adjustment for delinquency. The paper studies anxiety levels and first marijuana-related problems, not diagnosed anxiety disorders or cannabis use disorder; it does not examine panic disorder. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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References 51 · Cited by 119
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- Authors
- Marmorstein, N. R., White, H. R., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Marmorstein, Naomi R.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2009-10-10
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 211-224
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- PMC
- PMC2857386
- OpenAlex
- W2065617062
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 73941, MH50778, R01MH050778)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 17552, DA411018, P20DA017552, K01DA022456)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, cannabis use, problematic substance use, boys, delinquency, Pittsburgh Youth Study, adolescent substance use
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Social Behavior, Health Behavior, Survival Analysis, Substance-Related Disorders
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