Brief report: examining executive and social functioning in elementary-aged children with autism
Open accessAbstract
There is a paucity of literature examining the relationship between executive and social functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-three school-aged children with ASD participated. Executive functioning was measured using the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, Second Edition and Differential Ability Scales, Second Edition, and the teacher-rated Behavior Rating of Inventory of Executive Function. Independent assessors observed children's social functioning on the playground while children with ASD and their peers completed a survey to measure peer friendships and rejections. Overall, poorer executive functioning was associated with increased playground isolation and less engagement with peers. This suggests that metacognitive skills such as initiation, working memory, and planning and organization are associated with children's social functioning.
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We found significant associations between metacognitive executive function and social cognition measures in ASD.
“As in previous studies (Leung et al., 2016; Freeman et al., 2017), we found significant associations between metacognitive executive function and social cognition measures in ASD.”
From Social Cognition in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Associations with Executive Functions (2017) · cites this paper as Freeman et al., 2017
The Results (Executive Functioning and Social Functioning; page unavailable) report associations between teacher-rated metacognitive skills and children's solitary play or joint engagement. The study measured social functioning, not social cognition, so it does not establish the claimed association with social cognition measures. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTeachers' ratings of poor initiation, working memory, and planning/organizational skills are related to more time engaged in solitary play in children with autism.
“teachers' ratings of poor initiation, working memory, and planning and organizational skills have been related to more time engaged in solitary play”
From Social Cognition in Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Associations with Executive Functions (2017) · cites this paper as Freeman et al., 2017
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References 22 · Cited by 81
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Elliott CD 2007 Differential Ability Scales-ll San Antonio, TX Pearson
- Korkman M Kirk U Kemp S 2007 NEPSY-Second Edition (NEPSY-II) San Antonio, TX Harcourt Assessment
- Authors
- Freeman, L. M., Locke, J., Rotheram-Fuller, E., & Mandell, D.
- Affiliations
- Phoenix Children's Hospital (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Locke, Jill
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2017-03-04
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1890-1895
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC5536167
- OpenAlex
- W2591593138
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH100199)
- Autism Science Foundation (11-1010, 13-ECA-01L)
- FARFund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, executive function, social functioning, elementary school students, peer rejection, peer friendships, social isolation, metacognitive skills, working memory, planning and organization, peer engagement
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Peer Group, Social Adjustment, Friends, Executive Function
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