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The Association Between Self-Efficacy and Hypertension Self-Care Activities Among African American Adults
Open accessAbstract
Chronic disease management requires the individual to perform varying forms of self-care behaviors. Self-efficacy, a widely used psychosocial concept, is associated with the ability to manage chronic disease. In this study, we examine the association between self-efficacy to manage hypertension and six clinically prescribed hypertension self-care behaviors. We interviewed 190 African Americans with hypertension who resided in the greater metropolitan Charlotte area about their self-efficacy and their hypertension self-care activities. Logistic regression for correlated observations was used to model the relationship between self-efficacy and adherence to hypertension self-care behaviors. Since the hypertension self-care behavior outcomes were not rare occurrences, an odds ratio correction method was used to provide a more reliable measure of the prevalence ratio (PR). Over half (59%) of participants reported having good self-efficacy to manage their hypertension. Good self-efficacy was statistically significantly associated with increased prevalence of adherence to medication (PR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.32), eating a low-salt diet (PR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07-2.20), engaging in physical activity (PR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08-1.39), not smoking (PR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15), and practicing weight management techniques (PR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.30-1.87). Hypertension self-efficacy is strongly associated with adherence to five of six prescribed self-care activities among African Americans with hypertension. Ensuring that African Americans feel confident that hypertension is a manageable condition and that they are knowledgeable about appropriate self-care behaviors are important factors in improving hypertension self-care and blood pressure control. Health practitioners should assess individuals' self-care activities and direct them toward practical techniques to help boost their confidence in managing their blood pressure.
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“Self-efficacy or confidence in one’s ability to successfully engage in goal-directed behavior has been shown to influence medication adherence across many chronic illnesses.”
From Reliability and validity of a self‐efficacy instrument for hepatitis C antiviral treatment regimens (2012) · cites this paper as [25]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Warren-Findlow, J., Seymour, R. B., & Brunner Huber, L. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- ORCID
- Seymour, Rachel B.
- Venue
- Journal of Community Health
- Published
- 2011-05-06
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-24
- ISSN
- 0094-5145 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3610
- PMC
- PMC3179559
- OpenAlex
- W2070003344
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Community Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R03AG030523)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Keywords
- self-efficacy, hypertension, hypertension self-care, African Americans, medication adherence, sodium restriction, physical activity, smoking cessation, weight management, chronic disease management, blood pressure control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Black or African American, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Self Care, Self Efficacy, Young Adult
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