Regionalized Health System Review of Automated Dispensing Cabinet Overrides
Abstract
Automated dispensing cabinet (ADC) overrides are used to access emergent or urgent medications when time delay from computerized provider order entry may result in patient harm. [1] Although necessary, ADC overrides bypass the safety features of order entry and verification which increase the risk of an error occurring and potential patient harm. To protect patient safety, national organizations such as The Joint Commission and Institute for Safe Medication Practices have called for hospitals to review overriding trends and available medications on override. AdventHealth Central Florida Division - South (CFD-S) met the recommendations to track overrides but there was limited understanding of the data. A quality improvement project was necessary to investigate the division's risk of error and identify interventions to proactively limit patient risk. The initial task of the quality improvement project was to create a standardized ADC override report that could be shared with pharmacy and nursing leaders within AdventHealth CFD-S monthly. As the project progressed, multiple interventions were identified such as standardizing the information reflected in the report, improving education about ADC overrides across multi-disciplinary departments, and critically reviewing the data to identify needed changes within the division. The efforts to share the ADC override metrics across all levels has improved understanding of ADC override goals and intentions of monitoring ADC overrides. T…
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The safety concerns identified can be addressed through effective models of training, continuous cycles of optimisation, and improved monitoring through report utilisation.
“All these concerns can be addressed through effective models of training, continuous cycles of optimisation and improved monitoring through report utilisation.10,34,43”
From Benefits and challenges associated with implementation and ongoing use of automated dispensing cabinet for medicines: A scoping review (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
The unnecessarily frequent use of the override function was described as a challenge and explored in many studies; safety concerns associated with unnecessary override use was a key concern.
“The unnecessarily frequent use of override function was described as a challenge and explored in many studies.11,42,43,45”
From Benefits and challenges associated with implementation and ongoing use of automated dispensing cabinet for medicines: A scoping review (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
Cited by
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Jung, Y. Y., Walsh, Á., Patel, J., & Lai, K. (2025) · Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100599 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“43 Repella et al. also shared insight into possible causes for increased override rates, such as misalignment between Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and confusion regarding permissible overrides; both factors which may be caused by insufficient training.”
Influential
- Authors
- Repella, E., Hagen, Z., Carson, S., & Wang, F.
- Affiliations
- AdventHealth Orlando (US)
- AdventHealth (US)
- Corresponding author
- Repella, Emily
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Systems
- Published
- 2021-11-18
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-3
- ISSN
- 0148-5598 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-689X
- OpenAlex
- W3212568971
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Systems (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Healthcare Quality and Management
- Keywords
- automated dispensing cabinets, medication errors, patient safety, computerized physician order entry, quality improvement, medication safety culture, hospital pharmacy, nursing education
- MeSH terms
- Florida, Humans, Quality of Health Care, Medical Order Entry Systems, Patient Safety
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