The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Preconception Care for Improving Perinatal Outcomes: The Time to Act
Open accessAbstract
A healthy baby and a healthy mother are valued hopes and dreams of families of all cultural heritages. National health goals in many countries around the world prioritize infant and maternal mortality and morbidity. In the United States, as in many other industrialized countries, pregnancy outcomes and maternal and infant health indicators have improved dramatically. At the turn of the 20th century, 7.28 women and 96 infants died for every 1,000 babies born alive [ 1 ]. By the end of the year 2000, the maternal mortality rate had decreased to less than 0.08 and infant mortality had decreased to less than 7 deaths per 1,000 live births [ 2 ]. These changes were characterized as one of the ten “great public health achievements” of the 20th century [ 3 ]. Much of this progress can be attributed to changes in social and living conditions as well as the development and implementation of effective medical interventions. Despite this progress, during the last two decades of the 20th century, even in the presence of significant breakthroughs in medical technology and its application, improvements in maternal and infant pregnancy ouctomes slowed down significantly, and in some cases, outcomes deteriorated. For example, from 1960 to 1980, the maternal mortality rate decreased from 32.1 to 9.4 deaths per 100,000 live births, a decrease of 70.7%. From 1980 to 2000, the maternal mortality rate decreased only 12.8%, from 9.4 to 8.2 (Figure 1 ) [ 2 ]. At the same time, from 1980 to 2000, the proportion of babies born preterm, very preterm, low birth weight, and very low birth weight increased by 26%, 8.2%, 14.7% and 25.9%, respectively (Figure 2 ) [ 4 ]. However, unlike other maternal and infant health indicators, from 1980 to 2000 the infant mortality rate continued to decrease almost at a similar pace as that from 1960 to 1980, dropping by 45.2% from 12.6 to 6.9 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, compared with a drop of 51.5% from 26.0 to 12.6 per 1,000 live births for 1960 to 1980 (Figure 1 ) [ 2 ]. Finally, it is estimated that the proportion of babies born in the United States who have a serious or major structural defect that can have adverse effects on their health or development continues to be about 3% [ 5 ].
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Despite major advances in clinical research and medical technology, the prevalence of adverse maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia and preterm birth, has only moderately decreased over the recent decades [1].”
From Associations between periconceptional lifestyle behaviours and adverse pregnancy outcomes (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
Periconceptional supplementation with folate and/or multivitamins for preventing neural tube defects
Lumley, J. M., Watson, L. F., Watson, M., & Bower, C. I. (2001) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001056 · Cited by 395
RetractedEnergy/protein restriction for high weight-for-height or weight gain during pregnancy
Kramer, M. S. (1996) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000080 · Cited by 26
Retracted(1998) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e565682010-001 · Cited by 9,453
Treating tobacco use and dependence-Clinical practice guideline
Mc, F. (2000) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,616
Institute of Medicine (1998) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/6015 · Cited by 2,464
Lee, J. A. H. (1986) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03370120114036 · Cited by 2,252
Guide to Clinical Preventive Services
Allen, T. W. (1991) · The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association · doi:10.1515/jom-1991-900515 · Cited by 2,141
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings
(2002) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e548382006-001 · Cited by 944
Fetal alcohol syndrome: diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-2779 · Cited by 918
(1992) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e546602006-001 · Cited by 917
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Healthier mothers and babies. MMWR 1999;48:849–58.
- United States Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Women's health USA 2002. Rockville, MD: The Department; 2004.
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation. March of Dimes Updates: Is early prenatal care too late? Contemp Ob/Gyn 2002;12:54–72.
- Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes for folate and other B vitamins. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 1998.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Strategies for reducing morbidity and mortality from diabetes through health-care system interventions and diabetes self-management education in community settings. MMWR 2001;50(RR16).
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Preventing deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Am Fam Physician 2001;63:2279–80.
- Institute of Medicine. Subcommittee on nutritional status and weight gain during pregnancy. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1990.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Gonorrhea—United States, 1998. MMWR 2000;49:538–42.
- Kaiser Family Foundation. Women and health care: Key findings from the women's health survey. Washington, DC: The Foundation; 2005.
- National Association of State Medicaid Directors. Review of Medicaid Family Planning Expansion Waivers, 2004. Available at: URL: www.nasmd.org.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–257 of 257
Mager, N. A. D. (2020) · IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) · doi:10.7912/c2/2842 · Cited by 2
Rice, A. R., Durowaye, T. D., Konkle, A. T. M., & Phillips, K. P. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-19159-5 · Cited by 1
Dhal, P., Priyam, S., Pany, S., & Rath, M. (2026) · International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20260013 · Cited by 1
Is Direct Access to Obstetricians/Gynecologists Effective at Improving Maternal Health Behaviors?
Durrance, C. P., & Hankins, S. (2011) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01258.x · Cited by 1
Why Obesity in Parents Matters
Hanson, M. A. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6386-7_1 · Cited by 1
Effectiveness of Maternal Health Care and Role of Social Determinants on Pregnancy Outcome
Khanlarzadeh, E., Azizkhani, L., Khamanian, J., Alizadeh, M., Bairami, H. J., & Kia, N. A. (2016) · International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review · doi:10.20546/ijcrar.2016.411.017
Evaluating the Health Outcomes of the Healthy Women Healthy Babies Program in Delaware
Hussaini, K. S., Gardesey, M., Yocher, G., & Paul, D. A. (2020) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-020-02972-w · Cited by 1
Improving Folic Acid Consumption in Women at Risk for Neural Tube Defects in Florida
Bishop‐Royse, J., Jensen, E. T., & Simmons, M. (2009) · University of North Florida Digital Commons (University of North Florida) · Cited by 1
Awareness and acceptance of preconception care among female undergraduates in Nigeria
Anaedu, O. P., Eleje, G. U., Nwabueze, A. S., Aniagboso, C. C., Ezenyeaku, C. A., Umeononihu, O. S., Okoye, C. O., & Ekwebene, O. C. (2021) · American Journal of Medical and Clinical Sciences · doi:10.33425/2832-4226/21014 · Cited by 1
Family-centric safe motherhood approach for marginalized young married couples in rural India
Samanta, S. D., Usmanova, G., Shaheen, A., Chandra, M., & Mehra, S. (2018) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_351_17 · Cited by 1
Addressing infant mortality through positive youth development opportunities for adolescent girls
Bates, S. M., Anderson‐Butcher, D., Hoffman, J., Rooney, L. E., & Ramsey, C. (2020) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13158 · Cited by 1
Aksan, A., Dilbaz, B., Dilbaz, S., & Özdemir, E. (2022) · Current Women s Health Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573404818666220309125230 · Cited by 1
Conry, J. A. (2020) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.13320 · Cited by 1
Supplemental Nutrition Programs During Pregnancy and the Early Postnatal Period
Chávez, N. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1499-6_14 · Cited by 1
The concept of prenatal screening as an enforceable parental duty
Kanaris, C. (2016) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 1
Contributors to Delayed Prenatal Care among Rural and Underserved Populations: A Qualitative StudyPreprint
Oladeji, O. E., John, J. S., Schiele, J., Stoughton, C., Stroever, S. J., Baker, T. E., & Garner, C. D. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7456155/v1 · Cited by 1
Weight Management of Women of Childbearing Age
Hagen, M. K. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
PUBH 595.50: Issues in Maternal and Child Health
Stevens, J. M. (2013) · The Mathematics Enthusiast
Patient Assessment and Counseling for Contraceptive Care
Hou, M. Y., & Micks, E. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1233-9_1
Debbink, M. P. (2013) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Solano, P. L., Investigator, P., Knight, E. K., & McDuffie, M. J. (2008)
Prenatal and intrapartum strategies to prevent prematurity: A case study
O’Connor, C. (2015)
Effects of preconception disordered eating on next generation birth outcomes
Coram, R. W. (2015)
Gestational Weight Gain, Pregnancy Outcomes, and Use of Perinatal Health Services
Zhan, L. (2014) · Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)
Chedid, R. J. (2018) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-21575
Setting research priorities for preconception care in low- and middle-income countries
Dean, S. V., Rudan, I., Althabe, F., Girard, A. W., Howson, C., Langer, A., Lawn, J. E., Reeve, M., Teela, K. C., Toledano, M. B., et al. (2016)
Impact of nutrition education programmes on pregnant and lactating women in Sultanpur district
Agrahari, K., & Yadav, V. (2018) · FOOD SCIENCE RESEARCH JOURNAL · doi:10.15740/has/fsrj/9.1/38-41
Preconception health and care : perspectives from the reproductive-aged population in Flanders
Goossens, J. (2018) · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)
Dyer, S. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/p4dg-p521
High Risk Obstetrics in Developing Countries: Root Cause Analysis and Viable Mitigation Strategies
Francis, F., Sunderraj, S. E. J., Bera, L., Rosemol, M. A., Melinamani, S., & Abraham, A. (2019) · Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development · doi:10.5958/0976-5506.2019.03833.6
Childcare Before Birth: The Role of the Pediatrician
Ciampo, L. A. D., & Ciampo, I. R. L. D. (2020) · Journal of Health and Medical Sciences · doi:10.31014/aior.1994.03.02.118
Pablo Olmos, C., Tassara, G. B., Poblete, A., & Ebensperger, E. O. (2020) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872020000801171
Admiraal, L., Schonewille, M., Eugenia, M., Schonewille, L. H. N., Mulders, A. G. M. G. J., & Rosman, A. N. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-321449/v1
Preconception Counselling and Prenatal Care
Agholor, K. N., & Enaruna, N. O. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75385-6_8
Olson, D. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733195400.793578526
Pregnancy as Foreground in Cystic Fibrosis Carrier Testing Decisions in Primary Care
Sparbel, K. J. H., & Williams, J. K. (2009) · Genetic Testing · doi:10.1089/gte.2008.0085
Mazza, D. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7295-3871-8.10008-6
Bahrami, N., Allen, K., & Alimoardi, Z. (2022) · Current Women s Health Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573404819666220620091743
Preconception Care for Women with Medicaid: Self-report vs. Claims-based Utilization MeasuresPreprint
Stulberg, D. B., Schumm, L. P., Schueler, K. E., Giurcanu, M. C., & Peek, M. E. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.07.04.22277141
Din, H. N., Strong, D. R., Singh‐Carlson, S., Corliss, H. L., Hartman, S. J., Madanat, H. N., & Su, H.-C. I. (2022) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-022-01281-1
Manjula, C. M., Atheena, S., Krishnarajabhatt, H. S., Unnikrishnan, P., & Muraleedharan, A. (2023) · Journal of Natural Remedies · doi:10.18311/jnr/2023/33425
Penny, S. C. (2023) · American Public Health Association eBooks · doi:10.2105/9780875533414ch03
Inchekar, A. D., Shrotriya, Y., & Tiwari, M. A. (2024) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences · doi:10.21760/jaims.9.3.21
Cardoso, L. S., Mesquita, K. T., Santos, Y. D. F., de Souza, D. M., Sequeira, B. J., Lins, C. D. D. M., Nakashima, F., Lima, G. M., Ribeiro, L. B., & Ferreira, A. I. C. (2024) · Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde · doi:10.25248/reas.e15221.2024
Impact of mental health distress on preconception health
Wongpaiboon, M., Brown, J., Shelton, J. L., Johnson, T. M., & Tawk, R. H. (2025) · Intelligent Hospital · doi:10.1016/j.inhs.2025.100029
Healthcare Utilization Around the Time of Pregnancy by Extent of Disability in the U.S., 2018–2020
Deierlein, A. L., Boege, H. L., Berube, L. T., Ryan, R., & Stein, C. R. (2025) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108211
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986308
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986320
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986314
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986311
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986323
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986317
Walter, A. W., Julce, C., Sidduri, N., Yinusa-Nyahkoon, L. S., HOWARD, J. M., Reichert, M., Bickmore, T., & Jack, B. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12986305
Ayurvedic Preconceptional care for optimization of Reproductive Health: A Case Report
Verma, S. (2026) · International Ayurvedic Medical Journal · doi:10.46607/iamj3414062026
Program Evaluation of a County Reproductive Health Program
Pacheco, C. L. (2012) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Metadata
- Authors
- Atrash, H. K., Johnson, K., Adams, M., Cordero, J. F., & Howse, J.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center (US)
- March of Dimes (US)
- Corresponding author
- Atrash, Hani K.
- Venue
- Maternal and Child Health Journal
- Published
- 2006-06-14
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 3-11
- ISSN
- 1092-7875 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6628
- PMC
- PMC1592246
- OpenAlex
- W2074096332
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Maternal and Child Health Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Keywords
- preconception care, perinatal outcomes, maternal mortality, infant mortality, preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, maternal health, infant health, pregnancy outcomes, maternal morbidity, health education, prenatal care, quality of care, health care costs
- MeSH terms
- Diffusion of Innovation, Female, Health Priorities, Humans, Maternal Welfare, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Care, Risk, Time Factors, Preconception Care
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review