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Six-Month Outcomes from a Randomized Controlled Trial to Prevent Perinatal Depression in Low-Income Home Visiting Clients
Open accessAbstract
Perinatal depression (PD) has negative consequences for mothers and children and is more prevalent among women of low socioeconomic status. Home visitation programs serve low-income pregnant women at risk for PD. This study tested the efficacy of a group-based cognitive behavioral intervention (Mothers and Babies Course; MB) in reducing depressive symptoms and preventing the onset of perinatal depression among low-income women enrolled in home visitation. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-eight women who were pregnant or had a child less than 6 months of age and who were assessed as at risk for PD were randomized to the MB intervention or usual home visiting services. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and 1-week, 3- and 6-months post-intervention; depressive episodes were assessed with a clinical interview at the 6-month follow-up. Depressive symptoms declined at a significantly greater rate for intervention participants than usual care participants between baseline and 1-week, 3 and 6 months post-intervention. At the 6-month follow-up, 15 % of women who received the MB intervention had experienced a major depressive episode as compared with 32 % of women receiving usual care. Integrating mental health interventions into home visitation appears to be a promising approach for preventing PD. Cognitive behavioral techniques can be effective in preventing depression in perinatal populations and treating it.
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“Existing perinatal mental health interventions have been designed for low‐risk outpatients [22, 23, 24, 25], and they are not aligned with the unique needs of hospitalized antepartum patients.”
From Mental health needs among patients experiencing extended antepartum hospitalization: A qualitative study (2026) · cites this paper as [22]
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“However, existing perinatal mental health interventions have been designed for low‐risk outpatients [22, 23, 24, 25]; they are not aligned with the perspectives and needs of high‐risk inpatients facing acute stressors.”
From Mental health needs among patients experiencing extended antepartum hospitalization: A qualitative study (2026) · cites this paper as [22]
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“Intervention effects on depressive symptoms and perceived stress were detected primarily at 3 months postpartum, consistent with previous MB trials demonstrating effects 3 months or later in the postpartum period (Le et al. 2015; Tandon et al. 2014, 2022).”
From Effects of a Personalized Stress Management Intervention on Maternal Mental Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (2025) · cites this paper as Tandon et al. 2014
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Sorted by citations
Items 101–142 of 142
Kuang, Y., Meng, M., Shuanghan, Y. U., Han, L., Yang, Z., & Zheng, X. J. (2026) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-026-08806-x · Cited by 1
“The intervention approach in all studies was home care, mainly the Mothers and Babies BDI-II ( n = 3), and PHQ-9 ( n = 1) were employed to evaluate depression outcomes [27–42].”
Dessy, T., Montreuil, T. C., St‐André, M., Herba, C. M., MacKinnon, A., Clément, M., Boucoiran, I., Dinello-Goupil, C., Béland, J., Samson, V., et al. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-100835 · Cited by 1
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Perinatal mental health screening and care among those with pregnancy complications
Goulding, A. N., Fletcher, T. L., & Miller, E. S. (2026) · American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM · doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2026.102006 · Cited by 2
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Garcia, S. M., Kellom, K. S., Cronholm, P. F., Wang, X., Pride, E., Tooher, E., Singleton, M., & Matone, M. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107749 · Cited by 1
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Self-citationInvestigating the Effect of Personalization in a Mental Health App on Depressive Symptoms
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Ludwick, S. D. (2017) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas) · Cited by 1
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Maternal Mental Health Outcomes and Childrens Mental Health and Home Visiting
Ammerman, R. T., & Tandon, S. D. (2014)
Self-citationPsychosocial Treatment for Perinatal Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Nillni, Y. I., Murphy, S. K., Paul, E., & Johnson, E. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00134-5
Early Childhood Development: Current Status and Gaps
Fink, G. (2021) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03897-861-9-9
“Through the regular interaction with caregivers, home visiting programs are designed to improve early childhood health and development (Engle et al. 2011; Yousafzai and Aboud 2014), but can also improve maternal well-being (Carta et al. 2013; Tandon et al. 2013).”
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“…a series of pilot studies, including the content being offered via telemedicine [22], online courses [7], texting program [8], and Interpersonal Therapy groups offered in person [3, 27] and via home visits [9, 35], all of which have been associated with decreases in depressive symptoms for mothers.”
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“While the MB and eMB have been adapted for several populations, including Native and Tribal American women [27–29], they have yet to be tailored for Black mothers or those experiencing preterm birth.”
Platt, R. E., Polk, S., Barrera, A. Z., Lara-Cinisomo, S., Hirschhorn, L. R., Graham, A. K., Musci, R. J., Hamil, J. L., Echavarria, D. M., Cooper, L., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.27000801
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“For example, a culturally adapted perinatal depression-prevention program delivered through home visiting for low‑income Hispanic and African American mothers demonstrated improvements in maternal mood and parenting outcomes [40].”
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Kaur, M., & Sanches, M. (2026) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_14
Effects of a postpartum depression intervention: subgroup analyses from a cluster randomized trial
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Tandon, S. D., Leis, J. A., Mendelson, T., Perry, D. F., & Kemp, K.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tandon, S. Darius
- Venue
- Maternal and Child Health Journal
- Published
- 2013-06-22
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 873-881
- ISSN
- 1092-7875 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6628
- PMC
- PMC3871944
- OpenAlex
- W1974464317
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 4.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Maternal and Child Health Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001079, UL1TR000424)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025005)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- perinatal depression, depression prevention, home visits, low-income pregnant women, cognitive-behavioral intervention, group intervention, maternal mental health, socioeconomic status, maternal depression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, House Calls, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal Age, Postnatal Care, Poverty, Pregnancy, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Urban Population, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Linear Models, Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment, Home Care Agencies, Depression, Postpartum, Young Adult
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