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Artificial Intelligence and Chatbots in Psychiatry
Open accessAbstract
The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in psychiatry has risen over the past several years to meet the growing need for improved access to mental health solutions. Additionally, shortages of mental health providers during the COVID-19 pandemic have continued to exacerbate the burden of mental illness worldwide. AI applications already in existence include those enabled to assist with psychiatric diagnoses, symptom tracking, disease course prediction, and psychoeducation. Modalities of AI mental health care delivery include availability through the internet, smartphone applications, and digital gaming. Here we review emerging AI-based interventions in the form of chat and therapy bots, specifically conversational applications that teach the user emotional coping mechanisms and provide support for people with communication difficulties, computer generated images of faces that form the basis of avatar therapy, and intelligent animal-like robots with new advances in digital psychiatry. We discuss the implications of incorporating AI chatbots into clinical practice and offer perspectives on how these AI-based interventions will further impact the field of psychiatry.
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“There is initial evidence that such chatbots may be effective in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as stress [33-36].”
From The Opportunities and Risks of Large Language Models in Mental Health (2024) · cites this paper as [35]
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“Overall, evidence suggests that AI chatbots may be effective in alleviating symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51].”
From "I tell him everything that I do": An investigation of privacy and safety implications of AI companion usage (2025) · cites this paper as [47]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pham, K. T., Nabizadeh, A., & Selek, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pham, Kay T.
- Venue
- Psychiatric Quarterly
- Published
- 2022-02-25
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 249-253
- ISSN
- 0033-2720 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6709
- PMC
- PMC8873348
- OpenAlex
- W4214606152
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 11
- FWCI
- 44.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatric Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in psychiatry, chatbots, digital mental health, AVATAR therapy, emotion regulation, symptom monitoring, psychiatric diagnosis, psychoeducation, access to mental health care, mental health workforce shortage, COVID-19 pandemic, clinical implementation of AI
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Mental Health, Psychiatry, Pandemics
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