Social Comparison and the ‘Circle of Objectification’

Using multivariate statistics

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,882

A theory of social comparison processes

Festinger, L. (1954) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872675400700202 · Cited by 20,926

Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.

MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.1.2.130 · Cited by 10,418

Untitled work

(2007) · Cited by 10,092

A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values

Little, R. J. A. (1988) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1988.10478722 · Cited by 8,963

Journal of social behavior and personality

(1986) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(86)90025-5 · Cited by 6,751

Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks

Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T.-A. (1997) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x · Cited by 5,531

Psychological Assessment Resources

Abidin, R. R. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,141

Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance.

Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999) · doi:10.1037/10312-000 · Cited by 3,100

Using LISREL for Structural Equation Modeling: A Researcher′s Guide

Kelloway, E. K. (1998) · Cited by 2,007

Examining Biopsychosocial Factors in the Drive for Muscularity and Muscle Dysmorphia Among Personal Trainers

Diehl, B. J. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)

Disrupting the Cycle of Self-Objectification

Meredith, H. G. (2015)

Body image issues during pregnancy : an interpretive phenomenological analysis

Harding, G. (2021)

Impacto de uma intervenção baseada no comer com atenção plena na satisfação corporal e nas atitudes alimentares transtornadas de estudantes de nutrição durante a pandemia de Covid-19: ensaio clínico randomizado

Silva, T. A. (2022) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2022.tde-24032023-153745 · Cited by 1

Selfie to healthy: Designing behaviour change programs for young women to healthily engage with social media selfie filters

Collings, B. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.242129

Percepción de la “Masculinidad Híbrida’’ en seguidoras de la Ola Hallyu como cambio publicitario

Rous, G. (2022) · Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) · doi:10.19083/tesis/667178

Female Self-Objectification and Others Objectification

刘, 妍. (2024) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2024.1310933

Research on the Impact of Anime Culture on the Frequency of Abnormal Eating Behaviors among Adolescents

关, 龙. (2024) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2024.13111054

Self-objectification and the agency for risk information seeking in women’s cosmetic surgery decision-making

Guo, Y., Zheng, L., & Qiu, H. (2025) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-025-05909-2 · Cited by 1

Prevalence of Socio-Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties and Determinants Among Public School Adolescents in Hawassa, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia

Gemeda, T. T., Mohangi, K., & Scherman, V. (2025) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00207640251371264

Body Surveillance as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Fat Stereotypes and Body Dissatisfaction in Normal Weight Women

Kim, J. (2013) · Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)

Additional file 1 of Daily Bi-directional effects of women’s social media-based appearance comparisons, body satisfaction, and disordered eating urges

Portingale, J., Girardin, S., Liu, S., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., & Krug, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26936441

Reconciling with the “Imperfect” Self on Social Media: The Moderating Effect of Physical Education Learning Engagement

Zhou, W., Xu, H., Zhang, L., & Lu, Y. (2026) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440251414734

Artificial Intelligence in Media and Communication: Analytical Perspectives on Digital Empowerment and Algorithmic Domination

Khelalfa, Z. (2026) · Current Issues of Mass Communication · doi:10.17721/cimc.2026.39.60-70 · Cited by 1

Do comparisons on social media lead to body dissatisfaction? The roles of internalization and protective filtering

Ji, J., Yan, J., Chen, R., Xu, J., & Li, M. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04536-z

Psychology in Social Media and Individual Restricted Diets

王, 雨. (2026) · Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.12677/ass.2026.154352

Norms we inhabit, bodies we monitor: Associations between heterosexual scripts, self-objectification, and eating behaviors

Beni, L. G., & Meneguzzo, P. (2026) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102106

Association between self-objectification and emotional eating among female college students: the sequential indirect role of social comparison and body satisfaction

YuQiu, L., Wu, G., Dong, Q., Dong, Z., Wang, X. Z., & Li, Z. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1803124

Social Comparison, Self-objectification, And Objectification Of Others Investigating The Vicious Cycle That Leads To Body Dissatisfaction And Disordered Eating

Lindner, D. (2010) · Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research · Cited by 3

Integrating Social Comparison Theory and Self-Esteem within Objectification Theory to Predict Women’s Disordered Eating

Tylka, T. L., & Sabik, N. J. (2010) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-010-9785-3 · Cited by 219

Autobjetivación, alteración de la imagen corporal, y alimentación desordenada en mujeres / Self-objectification, body image disturbance and disordered eating in women.

Denahy, E., & Caltabiano, M. (2023) · ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University)

The unique properties of self-objectification and social and individual influences on its expression

Gianini, L. M. (2011) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico) · Cited by 1

Objectification Theory as It Relates to Disordered Eating Among College Women

Tylka, T. L., & Hill, M. S. (2004) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-004-0721-2 · Cited by 286