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Cited by 5

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Disability Considerations for Measuring Poverty in Canada Using the Market Basket Measure

Scott, Craig W. M., Berrigan, Patrick, Kneebone, Ronald D., Zwicker, Jennifer D.·2022·Social Indicators Research
DOI 10.1007/s11205-022-02900-1
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Abstract

Persons with disability (PWD) in Canada experience disproportionately high poverty rates. Poverty measures are often used to benchmark income assistance levels and social policies across Canada. The Market Basket Measure (MBM) is the official poverty measure in Canada that accounts for differences in family composition and geography. It does not, however, account for cost-incurring factors like disabilities, despite the evidence of differences in daily living costs. PWD experiencing poverty have additional needs to reduce barriers to full participation in society that can translate to higher basic costs for daily living. Given that poverty measures like the MBM may assess eligibility for income support or eligibility for public housing, these measures need to reflect how the cost of living differs for PWD. To critically analyze disability-specific considerations for the Canadian poverty line, we assess the MBM within the context of persons with disabilities. To identify differences in consumption patterns and family composition for PWD, a population based cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2017 Canadian Survey on Disability. Analysis assessed for bias within the MBM based on the basket contents, family composition and disability severity. PWD experience two times higher poverty rates, worse housing outcomes and incur higher and additional expenses for basic needs of daily living than persons without disability. The MBM underestimates the true poverty rate for persons with disabilities as it does not account for all their additional costs and does not represent their average family composition.

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Fig. 1 Poverty rates in B.C. according to the Market Basket Measure poverty line, by disability status, family composition, 2016. 'NC' = No Children, 'WC' = With Children. Error bars indicate the 95% confidence interval range of values. Children are defined as any unmarried individual, regardless of age, who lives with his or her parent(s) and has no children in the same household. Source: Author calculations, Canadian Survey on Disability (2017)
Fig. 1 Poverty rates in B.C. according to the Market Basket Measure poverty line, by disability status, family composition, 2016. 'NC' = No Children, 'WC' = With Children. Error bars indicate the 95% confidence interval range of values. Children are defined as any unmarried individual, regardless of age, who lives with his or her parent(s) and has no children in the same household. Source: Author calculations, Canadian Survey on Disability (2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Fig. 2 Sources of additional caregiving supports received by persons with disability in B.C. by family composition, 2017. 'NC' = No Children, 'WC' = With Children. Children are defined as any unmarried individual, regardless of age, who lives with his or her parent(s) and has no children in the same household. Source: Author calculations, Canadian Survey on Disability (2017)
Fig. 2 Sources of additional caregiving supports received by persons with disability in B.C. by family composition, 2017. 'NC' = No Children, 'WC' = With Children. Children are defined as any unmarried individual, regardless of age, who lives with his or her parent(s) and has no children in the same household. Source: Author calculations, Canadian Survey on Disability (2017)CC-BY · From the PDF

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Research works printed but not linked: 17

  1. Berrigan, P., Scott, C. W., & Zwicker, J. D. (2020). Employment, education, and income for Canadians with developmental disability: Analysis from the 2017 Canadian survey on disability. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04603-3 · DOI
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  4. Dufour, M., Labrie, V., & Tremblay-Pepin, S. (2021). Using the Market Basket Measure to discuss income inequality from the perspective of basic needs. Social Indicators Research, 155(2), 455–478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02580-9 · DOI
  5. Dunn, S., & Zwicker, J. (2018). Why is uptake of the disability tax credit low in Canada? Exploring possible barriers to access. The School of Public Policy Publications, 11(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.11575/sppp.v11i0.43187 · DOI
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  7. Hatfield, M., Pyper, W., & Gustajtis, B. (2010). First comprehensive review of the Market Basket Measure of low income
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  12. Mitra, S., Palmer, M., Kim, H., Mont, D., & Groce, N. (2017). Extra costs of living with a disability: A review and agenda for research. Disability and Health Journal, 10(4), 475–484. · DOI
  13. Petit, G., Scott, C., Gallacher, B., Zwicker, J., & Tedds, L. (2020). Less income for more hours of work: Barriers to work for social assistance recipients in BC. The School of Public Policy Publications, 13 · DOI
  14. Petit, G., & Tedds, L. M. (2020). Programs-based overview of income and social support programs for working-age persons in British Columbia. Available at SSRN 3781875 · DOI
  15. Royal Bank of Canada. (2018). Housing trends and affordability (RBC Economic Research, Issue). Retrieved October 17, 2020 from http://www.rbc.com/economics/economic-reports/pdf/canadian-housing/house-sep2018.pdf · DOI
  16. Smart, M., & Stabile, M. (2006). Tax support for the disabled in Canada: Economic principles and options for reform. Can. Tax J., 54, 407.
  17. Zhang, X., & Hatfield, M. (2014). Market basket measure. In A. C. Michalos (Ed.), Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research (pp. 3822–3825). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3647 · DOI

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Scott, C. W. M., Berrigan, P., Kneebone, R. D., & Zwicker, J. D.
ORCID
Zwicker, Jennifer D.
Venue
Social Indicators Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-03-04
Volume
163
Issue
1
Pages
389-407
ISSN
  • 0303-8300
  • 1573-0921
DOI
10.1007/s11205-022-02900-1
Cited by
5
References
0
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • canada research chairs
  • kids brain health network
  • canadian institute for health research
  • sinneave family foundation

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.