The DOI matches its Crossref record.
A history of robots: from science fiction to surgical robotics
Open accessAbstract
Surgical robotics is an evolving field with great advances having been made over the last decade. The origin of robotics was in the science-fiction literature and from there industrial applications, and more recently commercially available, surgical robotic devices have been realized. In this review, we examine the field of robotics from its roots in literature to its development for clinical surgical use. Surgical mills and telerobotic devices are discussed, as are potential future developments.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Leal Ghezzi, T., & Campos Corleta, O. (2016) · World Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00268-016-3543-9 · Cited by 466
A review of verbal and non-verbal human–robot interactive communication
Mavridis, N. (2015) · Robotics and Autonomous Systems · doi:10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031 · Cited by 453
Cybersecurity issues in robotics
Clark, G. W., Doran, M. V., & Andel, T. R. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Cognitive and Computational Aspects of Situation Management (CogSIMA) · doi:10.1109/cogsima.2017.7929597 · Cited by 92
Sundar, S. S., Waddell, T. F., & Jung, E. H. (2016) · 2016 11th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) · doi:10.1109/hri.2016.7451771 · Cited by 92
Resident Training in Robotic Thoracic Surgery
Mitzman, B., Smith, B. K., & Varghese, T. K. (2023) · Thoracic Surgery Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.thorsurg.2022.07.009 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Hockstein, N. G., Gourin, C. G., Faust, R. A., & Terris, D. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Robotic Surgery
- Published
- 2007-03-17
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 113-118
- ISSN
- 1863-2483 (ISSN-L)
- 1863-2491
- OpenAlex
- W2042803082
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 150.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A history of robots: from science fiction to surgical robotics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s11701-007-0021-2
- The paper
- Hockstein, N. G., Gourin, C. G., Faust, R. A., & Terris, D. J. (2007). A history of robots: from science fiction to surgical robotics. Journal of Robotic Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11701-007-0021-2
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
