Role of ambulatory and home blood pressure recording in clinical practice.
Open accessAbstract
Because of shortcomings of the office blood pressure (BP) measurement in individuals with hypertension (eg, white coat and masked hypertension effects, terminal digit bias, and large variability in BP among a small number of readings), use of out-of-office blood pressure measurements has become more common in clinical practice. The presence of the syndromes of white-coat and masked hypertension creates the concern that the office BP measurements are not reflective of an individual patient's true BP values. Home (or self) and ambulatory BP assessments have been used in numerous types of clinical trials and have demonstrated their usefulness as reliable research and clinical tools. In this article, we review the recent literature on the benefits and limitations of home (self) and ambulatory monitoring of the BP in clinical practice. In particular, how it relates to the diagnosis of patients with various presentations of hypertension and to cardio-vascular outcomes with long-term follow-ups of population cohorts.
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Before baseline measurement, the participant should have been in the chosen posture at least for 5 min.
“Whatever the posture chosen, it is important that before the baseline measurement, the participant has been in this posture at least for 5 min (Ghuman et al., 2009).”
From Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research – Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting (2017) · cites this paper as Ghuman et al., 2009
The ‘Technique for Self/Home Blood Pressure Monitoring’ section recommends resting for 5 minutes before a reading, supporting the timing. It specifies that measurements should be taken seated, however, rather than endorsing whatever posture is chosen. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the majority of studies, baseline recording is generally taken while sitting with knees at a 90° angle, both feet flat on the floor, hands on thighs and eyes closed, similar to what is recommended for blood pressure procedures.
“In the majority of studies, the baseline recording is generally taken while sitting with knees at a 90° angle, both feet flat on the floor, hands on thighs and eyes closed, similar to what is recommended for blood pressure procedures (Pickering et al., 2008; Ghuman et al., 2009).”
From Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research – Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting (2017) · cites this paper as Ghuman et al., 2009
The “Technique for Self/Home Blood Pressure Monitoring” section (page unavailable) recommends taking blood-pressure readings while seated, with the back supported and forearm at heart level. It does not describe knees at 90°, feet flat, hands on thighs, or eyes closed, and it does not establish how baseline recordings are taken in the majority of studies. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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References 54 · Cited by 44
- Authors
- Ghuman, N., Campbell, P., & White, W. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Corresponding author
- White, William B.
- ORCID
- White, William B.
- Venue
- Current Cardiology Reports
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 414-421
- ISSN
- 1523-3782 (ISSN-L)
- 1534-3170
- PMC
- PMC2896788
- OpenAlex
- W1998645279
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Cardiology Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA024667)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, home blood pressure monitoring, self-monitoring, white coat hypertension, masked hypertension, office blood pressure measurement, hypertension diagnosis, cardiovascular outcomes, blood pressure variability
- MeSH terms
- Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hypertension, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
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