Cited by 142HIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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Randomized Trial of a Community-based Alcohol-related HIV Risk-reduction Intervention for Men and Women in Cape Town South Africa

Kalichman, Seth C., Simbayi, Leickness C., Vermaak, Redwaan, Cain, Demetria, Smith, Gino, Mthebu, Jacqueline, Jooste, Sean·2008·Annals of Behavioral Medicine

DOI 10.1007/s12160-008-9067-2

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: HIV is devastating southern Africa and alcohol use is closely related to HIV transmission risks. PURPOSE: The current study tested the efficacy of a brief single-session HIV-alcohol risk-reduction intervention for men and women who drink at informal alcohol serving establishments (i.e., shebeens) in South Africa. METHODS: A randomized community field trial recruited men (N = 117) and women (N = 236) through outreach and chain referrals. Participants received either: (a) 3-h theory-based behavioral HIV-alcohol risk-reduction intervention that focused on skills training for sexual negotiation and condom use or (b) 1-h HIV-alcohol information/education control group. Participants were followed up for 3 and 6 months post-intervention with 89% retention. RESULTS: The risk-reduction intervention demonstrated significantly less unprotected intercourse, alcohol use before sex, numbers of sex partners, partners met at drinking establishments and greater condom use relative to the control group. However, intervention effects were moderated by alcohol use; lighter drinkers demonstrated significantly more intervention gains than heavier drinkers in the risk-reduction condition. Intervention effects occurred at 3 months follow-up and dissipated by 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: A brief HIV risk-reduction intervention reduced sexual-risk behaviors among drinkers in South Africa. However, intervention effects were weakest for those who drink heaviest. Our results provide a basis for establishing HIV prevention in alcohol serving establishments in South Africa. Research is needed to identify multi-level intervention models that can reduce risks among heavier drinkers and sustain behavior changes over time.

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“As has been argued before [45], one way to settle the question concerning a true causal impact of alcohol would be to conduct trials in the tradition of Kalichman and colleagues [238,239], with populations with a high risk of HIV infection, such as clients in clinics for sexually transmitted disease in countries with…”
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“Such a strategy has already been introduced by Kalichman et al. (2007b, 2008), albeit with mixed results.”
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“…clearest line of evidence in our view regarding the establishment of a causal behavioral connection is through continuing the tradition started by Kalichman et al. (2007b, 2008) and using randomized clinical trials with proven effective interventions for reducing problem drinking (Babor et al.,…”
Method

See all 142

Authors: Kalichman, S. C., Simbayi, L. C., Vermaak, R., Cain, D., Smith, G., Mthebu, J., & Jooste, S.
Affiliations: University of Connecticut (US)
Human Sciences Research Council (ZA)
Corresponding author: Kalichman, Seth C.
ORCID: Kalichman, Seth C.
Simbayi, Leickness C.
Vermaak, Redwaan
Cain, Demetria
Jooste, Sean
Venue: Annals of Behavioral Medicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2008-10-04
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Pages: 270-279
ISSN: 0742-5554 (ISSN-L)
0883-6612
1532-4796
DOI: 10.1007/s12160-008-9067-2
OpenAlex: W2104218863
Cited by: 142
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 10.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annals of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R21AA014820, R01AA017399)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: HIV risk reduction, alcohol consumption, sexual risk behavior, condom use, sexual negotiation, shebeens, brief intervention, community-based intervention, heavy drinking, intervention moderators, HIV prevention, Cape Town
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Community-Institutional Relations, Female, Health Education, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior, South Africa, HIV Infections, Condoms, Risk Reduction Behavior

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Randomized Trial of a Community-based Alcohol-related HIV Risk-reduction Intervention for Men and Women in Cape Town South Africa

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