The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reporting of Treatment Fidelity in Mindfulness-Based Intervention Trials: A Review and New Tool Using NIH Behavior Change Consortium Guidelines
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are in the fourth decade of adaptation and testing, yet little is known about their level of treatment fidelity. Treatment fidelity is a methodological strategy used to monitor and enhance the reliability and validity of behavioral interventions. The Treatment Fidelity Workgroup of the National Institutes of Health Behavior Change Consortium (BCC) put forth recommendations covering five components of treatment fidelity: design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment. We conducted a literature review to describe how these five components of treatment fidelity are reported in published main outcomes articles of MBI efficacy trials among adult participants. Our search yielded 202 articles and we identified 25 (12%) described study treatment fidelity. All 25 studies reported on design, n=24 (96%) reported on training, n=23 (92%) reported on delivery, n=23 (92%) reported on receipt, and n=16 (64%) reported on enactment. Eleven (44%) articles analyzed measures of receipt and enactment with a participant outcome. Fourteen (56%) articles reported on all five fidelity components. There was high variation in the way each component was conducted and/or reported, making comparisons across articles difficult. To address the prevailing limitation that the majority of MBI efficacy studies did not detail treatment fidelity, we offer the Treatment Fidelity Tool for MBIs adapted from the BCC guidelines to help researchers monitor and report these methods and measures in a simple and standardized format. By using this tool, researchers have the opportunity to improve the transparency and interpretability of the MBI evidence base.
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“Fidelity to each MBPs protocol was assessed after each session, with an adapted treatment fidelity tool, which is based on Kechter et al. (2019) recommendations for reporting treatment fidelity in MBP trials.”
From Testing Mindfulness Mechanisms of Action on the Stress and Burnout of Social Workers (2024) · cites this paper as Kechter et al., 2019
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“Facilitators assessed whether they had followed each week's session plan using a treatment fidelity tool based on Kechter et al. (2018) MBP treatment fidelity reporting recommendations.”
From Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Action of the Mindfulness-based Social Work and Self-care Programme. (2022) · cites this paper as Kechter et al., 2018
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Cites
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
the CONSORT Group, Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-18 · Cited by 13,371
Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg016 · Cited by 8,615 · cited 1×
“Mindfulnessbased interventions (MBIs) represent a family of programs developed with the goal of helping people cultivate an ongoing daily practice of mindfulness operationalized as Bthe awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience…”
BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg016 · Cited by 8,612
The effect of mindfulness based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta analytic review
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018555 · Cited by 3,846 · cited 1×
“Mindfulness training is a relatively newer behavioral program that shows increasing promise for efficacy to improve stress-related ailments, psychiatric disorders, and disease symptoms (Black and Slavich 2016; Goyal et al. 2014; Hofmann et al. 2010; van der Velden et al. 2015; Black 2012, 2014; O’Reilly et al. 2014).”
BackgroundClinical Psychology: Science and Practice
(2021) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/(issn)1468-2850 · Cited by 3,683
(2001) · Cited by 3,666
Bellg, A. J., Treatment Fidelity Workgroup of the NIH Behavior Change Consortium, Borrelli, B., Resnick, B., Hecht, J., Minicucci, D. S., Ory, M., Ogedegbe, G., Orwig, D., Ernst, D., et al. (2004) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.23.5.443 · Cited by 2,620 · cited 6×
“This list encompasses recommendations for MBI treatment fidelity adapted from NIH’s BCC Guidelines (Bellg et al. 2004; Resnick et al. 2005).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA conceptual framework for implementation fidelity
Carroll, C., Patterson, M., Wood, S., Booth, A., Rick, J., & Balain, S. (2007) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-2-40 · Cited by 2,559
Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M. S., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., Berger, Z., Sleicher, D., Maron, D. D., Shihab, H. M., et al. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018 · Cited by 2,380
CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials
the CONSORT Group, Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-11-32 · Cited by 1,871
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Hoogsteder, L. M., Kapteijns, M. W., van der Veld, H. L., Gielen, N. T. A., Plug, M. H., & Stams, G. J. J. M. (2026) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x261445116
“…increases the likelihood that observed outcomes can be attributed to the intervention itself rather than to extraneous factors, because the active ingredients of treatment are more reliably delivered and the intended mechanisms of change are more likely to be activated (Kechter et al., 2019).”
Chen, D., Gomzyakova, E., Gu, Y., Zhang, Y., Hofmann, S. G., & Liu, X. (2026) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000553463
Metadata
- Authors
- Kechter, A., Amaro, H., & Black, D. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kechter, Afton
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2018-06-22
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 215-233
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- PMC
- PMC6402837
- OpenAlex
- W2809044941
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 18.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (5T32CA009492-33)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (5R01DA038648)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Keywords
- intervention fidelity, mindfulness-based interventions, intervention delivery, therapist training, treatment receipt, reporting guidelines
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