An application to detect cyberbullying using machine learning and deep learning techniques
Open accessAbstract
Nowadays, a lot of people indulge themselves in the world of social media. With the current pandemic scenario, this engagement has only increased as people often rely on social media platforms to express their emotions, find comfort, find like-minded individuals, and form communities. With this extensive use of social media comes many downsides and one of the downsides is cyberbully. Cyberbullying is a form of online harassment that is both unsettling and troubling. It can take many forms, but the most common is a textual format. Cyberbullying is common on social media, and people often end up in a mental breakdown state instead of taking action against the bully. On the majority of social networks, automated detection of these situations necessitates the use of intelligent systems. We have proposed a cyberbullying detection system to address this issue. In this work, we proposed a deep learning framework that will evaluate real-time twitter tweets or social media posts as well as correctly identify any cyberbullying content in them. Recent studies has shown that deep neural network-based approaches are more effective than conventional techniques at detecting cyberbullying texts. Additionally, our application can recognise cyberbullying posts which were written in English, Hindi, and Hinglish (Multilingual data).
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Raj et al. [152] found their combined CNN and Bi-LSTM method outperformed CNN+Bi-GRU and Bi-LSTM+Bi-GRU with an accuracy score of 95% on real-time Twitter posts.
“Raj et al. [152] combined CNN and Bi-LSTM to classify cyberbullying in real-time posts on Twitter. For the experimental analysis, they employed two other combinations of deep learning models: CNN + Bi-GRU, and Bi-LSTM + Bi-GRU. Experimental results show that their proposed method outperformed the other two combinations in terms of an accuracy score of 95%.”
From A Review on Deep-Learning-Based Cyberbullying Detection (2023) · cites this paper as [152]
Results and Discussion (page not provided) reports that CNN+BiLSTM outperformed CNN+BiGRU and BiLSTM+BiGRU, with 0.9512 accuracy after tuning. But Proposed Methodology says the evaluation used compiled open-source datasets, while Highlights describes real-time posting on a Twitter-like prototype; the paper does not establish that the 95% result was obtained on real-time posts on Twitter itself. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSeveral studies present performance evaluation of different hybrid deep-learning-based approaches.
“In the literature, there are several studies that also present the performance evaluation of different hybrid deep-learning-based approaches [66,115,151,152].”
From A Review on Deep-Learning-Based Cyberbullying Detection (2023) · cites this paper as [152]
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References 25 · Cited by 97
- Authors
- Raj, M., Singh, S., Solanki, K., & Selvanambi, R.
- Affiliations
- Vellore Institute of Technology University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Selvanambi, Ramani
- ORCID
- Selvanambi, Ramani
- Venue
- SN Computer Science
- Published
- 2022-07-26
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 401-401
- ISSN
- 2661-8907 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9321314
- OpenAlex
- W4288035141
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 6.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- SN Computer Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Spam and Phishing Detection
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
- Keywords
- cyberbullying detection, online harassment, social media, Twitter, multilingual text classification, Hindi, Hinglish, English language, deep neural network
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