The 24-hour excursion and diurnal rhythm of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in normal pregnancy
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As pregnancy progresses, basal glucose concentrations decrease by 0.56 to 0.83 mmol/L by the third trimester, while both first- and second-phase insulin secretion rise by up to 3.5-fold to accommodate the increase in insulin resistance.
“As pregnancy progresses, basal glucose concentrations decrease by 0.56 to 0.83 mmol/L by the third trimester, while both first- and second-phase insulin secretion rise by up to 3.5-fold to accommodate the increase in insulin resistance [18,19,20].”
From Medical Nutrition Therapy for Women with Gestational Diabetes: Current Practice and Future Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
Cites
Proinsulin, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations in human portal and peripheral blood.
Horwitz, D. L., Starr, J. I., Mako, M. E., Blackard, W. G., & Rubenstein, A. H. (1975) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci108047 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
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’Accelerated starvation’ and the skipped breakfast in late normal pregnancy
Metzger, B., Vileisis, R., Ravnikar, V., & Freinkel, N. (1982) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91750-0 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy
Phelps, R. L., Metzger, B. E., & Freinkel, N. (1981) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(81)90731-6 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Patterns of Glycemia in Normal Pregnancy
Hernandez, T. L., Friedman, J. E., Van Pelt, R. E., & Barbour, L. A. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-0241 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Diurnal glycemic profile in obese and normal weight nondiabetic pregnant women
Yogev, Y., Ben-Haroush, A., Chen, R., Rosenn, B., Hod, M., & Langer, O. (2004) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2004.06.059 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Cheong, L., Law, L. S.-C., Tan, L. Y. L., Amal, A. A.-A., Khoo, C. M., & Eng, P. C. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17071210 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cousins, L., Rigg, L., Hollingsworth, D., Brink, G., Aurand, J., & Yen, S. S. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yen, S.S.C.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1980-02
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 483-488
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1599606115
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 8.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- pregnancy, diurnal cycle, plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, nocturnal hypoglycemia, postprandial blood glucose, basal insulin secretion, insulin secretion, postpartum period, insulin therapy in pregnancy, diabetes in pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, C-Peptide, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Food, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Peptides, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Sleep, Postpartum Period
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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