Quantitative analysis of the olfactory pathway for drug delivery to the brain
Abstract
Following intranasal administration to rats, wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) concentrated in the olfactory nerve and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb resulting in a mean olfactory bulb concentration of 140 nM. A negligible amount of label was detected in the olfactory bulb following intravenous administration of WGA-HRP or intranasal administration of unconjugated HRP. This is the first quantitative assessment of intraneuronal transport of a protein into the brain using the olfactory route.
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Because intra-neuronal transport of neuropeptides from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb takes several hours, intranasally administered peptides are more likely primarily transported along extra-neuronal routes.
“The intra-neuronal transport of neuropeptides from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb takes several hours, 29 which makes it more likely that IN administered peptides are primarily transported along extra-neuronal routes (ie, through intercellular clefts of the olfactory epithelium).”
From Intranasal insulin (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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References 25 · Cited by 352
- Authors
- Thorne, R. G., Emory, C. R., Ala, T. A., & Frey, W. H.
- Corresponding author
- Frey, William H.
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-09
- Volume
- 692
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 278-282
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003116578
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Keywords
- olfactory pathway, intranasal drug delivery, olfactory bulb, olfactory nerve, WGA-HRP, brain penetration, olfactory glomeruli
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Animals, Brain, Immunohistochemistry, Injections, Intravenous, Male, Olfactory Bulb, Olfactory Mucosa, Olfactory Pathways, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate, Rats
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