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C30-steranes, novel markers for marine petroleums and sedimentary rocks

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Reef-Building Sponges

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Sponges: New Views of Old Animals

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Recognition of a novel Precambrian petroleum system based on isotopic and biomarker evidence in Yangtze platform, South China

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Natural Product Molecular Fossils

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Understanding the geobiology of the terminal Ediacaran Khatyspyt Lagerstätte (Arctic Siberia, Russia)

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Precambrian geobiology

Rozanov, A. Y. (2006) · Paleontological Journal · doi:10.1134/s0031030106100030 · Cited by 18

Organic geochemistry of possible Middle Miocene–Pliocene source rocks in the west and northwest Nile Delta, Egypt

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A novel sterane, 27-nor-24-methyl-5α-cholestane, in sediments

Stefan Schouten, A., Damsté, J. S. S., Schoell, M., & de Leeuw, J. W. (1994) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)90163-5 · Cited by 17

Biomarkers reveal Eocene marine incursions into the Qaidam Basin, north Tibetan Plateau

Ma, J., Wu, C., Uveges, B. T. I., Ding, W., Summons, R. E., & Cui, X. (2022) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2022.104380 · Cited by 16

Fedomia mikhaili—A new spicule-bearing organism of sponge grade from the Vendian (Ediacaran) of the White Sea, Russia

Serezhnikova, E. A., & Ivantsov, A. Y. (2007) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2007.07.004 · Cited by 16

Formation and Geochemistry of Oil and Gas

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Microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Gangolihat Formation, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya: Their stratigraphic and evolutionary significance

Tiwari, M., & Pant, I. (2009) · Journal of Asian Earth Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.01.008 · Cited by 17

The slow rise of complex life as revealed through biomarker genetics

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A palaeontological perspective

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Quantitative diamondoid analysis indicates oil cosourcing from a deep petroleum system onshore Niger Delta Basin

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Improvement of molecular phylogenetic inference and the phylogeny of Bilateria

Lartillot, N., & Philippe, H. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0012 · Cited by 15

Smaller, better, more: Five decades of advances in geochemistry

Johnson, C. M., McLennan, S. M., McSWEEN, H. Y., Jr., & Summons, R. E. (2013) · Geological Society of America eBooks · doi:10.1130/2013.2500(08 · Cited by 15

Biomarkers: Assessment of Petroleum Source-Rock Age and Depositional Environment

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2017) · Techniques in Dentistry and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02330-4_9-1 · Cited by 14

Sedimentology and geochemistry of the Uk Formation, Upper Riphean, the Southern Urals

Maslov, A. V., Grazhdankin, D. V., Dub, S. A., Melnik, D. S., Parfenova, Т. М., Kolesnikov, A. V., Cherednichenko, N., & Kiseleva, D. V. (2019) · Литосфера · doi:10.24930/1681-9004-2019-19-5-659-686 · Cited by 14

Main factors controlling the organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian sediments of the Sichuan Basin, SW China

Wang, N., Li, M., Tian, X., Hong, H., Liu, P., Guo, C., & Wang, M. (2019) · Geological Journal · doi:10.1002/gj.3581 · Cited by 14

Chemical characterization of C 31 sterols from sponges and Neoproterozoic fossil sterane counterparts

Shawar, L., Love, G. D., Uveges, B. T. I., Zumberge, A., Cárdenas, P., Giner, J., & Summons, R. E. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2503009122 · Cited by 13

Origin and history of the oils in the Lawton oil field, southwestern Oklahoma

Li, L., Philp, R. P., & Nguyen, T. X. (2017) · AAPG Bulletin · doi:10.1306/07251615167 · Cited by 13

Petroleum Geochemistry Applied to Petroleum System Investigation

Mello, M. R., Moldowan, J. M., Dahl, J., & Requejo, A. G. (2000) · American Association of Petroleum Geologists eBooks · doi:10.1306/m73705c4 · Cited by 12

Deciphering deuterostome phylogeny: molecular, morphological, and palaeontological perspectives

Smith, A. B., & Swalla, B. J. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0009 · Cited by 13

The evolution of nervous system centralization

Arendt, D., Denes, A. S., Jékely, G., & Tessmar‐Raible, K. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0007 · Cited by 12

The Ediacaran emergence of bilaterians: congruence between the genetic and the geological fossil records

Peterson, K. J., Cotton, J. A., Gehlîng, J. G., & Pisani, D. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0002 · Cited by 12

Evolution of animal multicellularity stimulated by dissolved organic carbon in early Ediacaran ocean: DOXAM hypothesis

Kano, A., Kunimitsu, Y., Togo, T., Takashima, C., Shiraishi, F., & WANG, W. (2011) · Island Arc · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.2011.00767.x · Cited by 11

The Question of Metazoan Monophyly and the Fossil Record

Morris, S. C. (1998) · Progress in molecular and subcellular biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72236-3_1 · Cited by 11

Reply to: Sources of C30 steroid biomarkers in Neoproterozoic–Cambrian rocks and oils

Hallmann, C., Nettersheim, B. J., Brocks, J. J., Schwelm, A., Hope, J. M., Not, F., Lomas, M. W., Schmidt, C., Schiebel, R., Nowack, E. C. M., et al. (2019) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-019-1049-1 · Cited by 11

Vestiges of a beginning? Paleontological and geochemical constraints on early animal evolution

Knoll, A. H. (2003) · Annales de Paléontologie · doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2003.07.002 · Cited by 10

The Exceptional Preservation of Interesting and Informative Biomolecules

Summons, R. E. (2014) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002862 · Cited by 10

Colonization of substrates: Vendian sedentary benthos

Serezhnikova, E. A. (2010) · Paleontological Journal · doi:10.1134/s0031030110120117 · Cited by 9

Palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatic evolution of the intracratonic Parnaíba Basin, NE Brazil using GPlates plate tectonic reconstructions and chemostratigraphic tools

Jaju, M. M., Mort, H. P., Nader, F. H., Filho, M. F. D. L., & Macdonald, D. I. M. (2018) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp472.12 · Cited by 9

Palaeosedimentary Environment and Formation Mechanism of High-Quality Xujiahe Source Rocks, Sichuan Basin, South China

Xu, K., Chen, S., Lu, J., Li, Y., Zhu, X., Liu, J., Wu, X., & Li, C. (2022) · Lithosphere · doi:10.2113/2022/7185107 · Cited by 8

Late Cretaceous paleoclimate and paleoenvironment in the Songliao Basin, China

Cao, H., Lei, Y., Wang, X., & Guo, X. (2021) · Journal of Paleolimnology · doi:10.1007/s10933-021-00208-7 · Cited by 8

Biomarkers in the Precambrian: Earth’s Ancient Sedimentary Record of Life

Hallmann, C., French, K. L., & Brocks, J. J. (2022) · Elements · doi:10.2138/gselements.18.2.93 · Cited by 8

Invertebrate Problematica: kinds, causes, and solutions

Jenner, R. A., Timothy, D. J., & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0011 · Cited by 7

Tapping the archives: the sterol composition of marine sponge species, as determined non‐invasively from museum‐preserved specimens, reveals biogeographical features

Lengger, S. K., Fromont, J., & Grice, K. (2016) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12206 · Cited by 7

Ecosystem changes after Early Cretaceous seawater intrusion into the proto-South Atlantic Ocean

Ma, J., Cury, L. F., Bahniuk, A. M., Albrecht, H. L., Adams, E. W., Amthor, J. E., Cui, X., Crémière, A., Sato, K., Bergmann, K., et al. (2025) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-025-02029-2 · Cited by 7

THE UTILITY OF LIPID BIOMARKERS AS PALEOENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS

OLCOTT, A. N. (2007) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2007.s02 · Cited by 7

Evolution of the Arabian Nubian Shield and Snowball Earth

Miller, N. R., & Stern, R. J. (2021) · Regional geology reviews · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-72995-0_7 · Cited by 6

Animal Evolution

(2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.001.0001 · Cited by 7

The earliest fossil record of the animals and its significance

Budd, G. E. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0001 · Cited by 6

Biomarkers in the environment

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.012 · Cited by 6

Biomarkers: Petroleum

He, M., Moldowan, J. M., & Peters, K. E. (2018) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_170 · Cited by 6

Approche moléculaire quantitative appliquée à l'étude du transfert de micropolluants organiques à la confluence entre la Fensch et la Moselle (France)

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Microbial sulfate reduction in the tissue of the cold-water sponge Geodia barretti (Tetractinellida, Demospongiea)

Hoffmann, F. (2003) · doi:10.53846/goediss-2374 · Cited by 6

The evolution of developmental gene networks: lessons from comparative studies on holometabolous insects

Peel, A. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0016 · Cited by 4

Molecular biogeochemistry of modern and ancient marine microbes

Waldbauer, J. (2010) · Open Access Server of the Woods Hole Scientific Community (Woods Hole Scientific Community) · doi:10.1575/1912/3238 · Cited by 3

The origins and evolution of the Ecdysozoa

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Origins of metazoan body plans: the larval revolution

Raff, R. A. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0005 · Cited by 3

Identification of lanostanes, A-ring methylated steranes and secosteranes in late Neoproterozoic crude oils by GC×GC-TOFMS: New insights into molecular taphonomy of steroids

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History of Life from the Hydrocarbon Fossil Record

Walters, C. C., Peters, K. E., & Moldowan, J. M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_11 · Cited by 3

Integrated investigation of rare earth elements, molecular fossils, and stable isotopes in drill cores from deep-buried strata in the Yangtze Block: Implications for the Early Cambrian sedimentary environments

Luemba, M., Chen, Z., Chai, Z., Chen, Y., Heritier, N.-R., & Matamba, R. (2025) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2025.106878 · Cited by 2

Geochemical screening

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.006 · Cited by 2

Reassembling animal evolution: a four-dimensional puzzle

Telford, M. J., Timothy, D. J., & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0018 · Cited by 2

Conserved developmental processes and the evolution of novel traits: wounds, embryos, veins, and butterfly eyespots

Beldade, P., & Saenko, S. V. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0017 · Cited by 2

History of Life from the Hydrocarbon Fossil Record

Walters, C. C., Peters, K. E., & Moldowan, J. M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90569-3_32 · Cited by 3

Digital reconstructions of fossil morphologies, Nama Group, Nambia

Watters, W. A. (2000) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 2

Sponges (Porifera) and Sponge Microbes

Hoffmann, F., & Schläppy, M. (2011) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_194 · Cited by 2

Geobiology of bituminous carbonates from the Ediacaran Shibantan Member (Dengying Formation, South China)

Duda, J. (2014) · doi:10.53846/goediss-4716 · Cited by 3

Biochemistry of biomarkers

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.005 · Cited by 1

Chemical micro-environments, ventilation behaviour & microbial processes in sponges

Schläppy, M. (2008) · Cited by 1

History of Life from the Hydrocarbon Fossil Record

Walters, C. C., Peters, K. E., & Moldowan, J. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54529-5_32-1 · Cited by 1

Origin of petroleum

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.011 · Cited by 1

Biomarkers in archeology

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.013 · Cited by 2

Beyond linear sequence comparisons: the use of genome-level characters for phylogenetic reconstruction

Boore, J. L., & Fuerstenberg, S. I. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0013 · Cited by 1

Biosignatures of modern microbial mats, Kiritimati/Kiribati, Central Pacific

Yan, S. (2019) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7684 · Cited by 1

Precambrian Organic Matter

Summons, R. E. (2018) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_191 · Cited by 1

Hydrocarbons

Volkman, J. K. (2018) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_167 · Cited by 1

The animal in the genome: comparative genomics and evolution

Copley, R. R. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.003.0014 · Cited by 1

Biomarkers: Petroleum

He, M., Moldowan, M. J., & Peters, K. E. (2017) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_170-1 · Cited by 1

Refinery oil assays

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.007

Glossary

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.015

Ancillary geochemical methods

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.009

References

(2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.016

Preface

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.001

Organic chemistry

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.004

Appendix: geologic time charts

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.014

Biomarker separation and analysis

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.010

Insights into the Holobiont of the Early Branching Metazoan Vaceletia sp. and its Biomineralization Strategy

Germer, J. (2017) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-6604

Biomarkers and the dawn of animal life

Bobrovskiy, I. (2019) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · doi:10.25911/5d77832381283 · Cited by 1

Detecting the Source of Heinrich Layers: An Organic Geochemical Study

Rashid, H., & Grosjean, E. (2009) · Collected reprint series · doi:10.1002/9781118782033.ch41

GEOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ORDOVICIAN OILS FROM THE TUOPUTAI REGION, NORTHERN TARIM BASIN, NW CHINA: SOURCE ROCK CORRELATION

Cheng, B., Liu, H., Xian, W., Wang, S., & Wu, Z. (2021) · Journal of Petroleum Geology · doi:10.1111/jpg.12809

Early Precambrian Eukaryotes

Reitner, J. (2011) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_168

Atomic mass unit, avogadro constant and mole

Emiliani, C. (2006) · Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/1-4020-4496-8_18

Purpose

Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., & Moldowan, J. M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524868.002

Precambrian Organic Matter

Summons, R. E. (2017) · Encyclopedia of earth sciences series/Encyclopedia of earth sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_191-1

Bibliography

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Hydrocarbons

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Foreword

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Copyright Page

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Contributors

(2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549429.002.0007

Introduction

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