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Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor
Open accessAbstract
Until now, oxidation of ammonium has only been known to proceed under aerobic conditions.Recently, we observed that NH: was disappearing from a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor treating effluent from a methanogenic reactor.Both nitrate and ammonium consumption increased with concomitant gas production.A maximum ammonium removal rate of 0.4 kg N. me3 .d-' (1.2 mM/h) was observed.The evidence for this anaerobic ammonium oxidation was based on nitrogen and redox balances in continuous-flow experiments.It was shown that for the oxidation of 5 mol ammonium, 3 mol nitrate were required, resulting in the formation of 4 mol dinitrogen gas, Subsequent batch experiments confirmed that the NH: conversion was nitrate dependent.It was concluded that anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a new process in which ammonium is oxidized with nitrate serving as the electron acceptor under anaerobic conditions, producing dinitrogen gas.This biological process has been given the name 'Anammox' (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), and has been patented.
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Cites
Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria
Thauer, R. K., Jungermann, K., & Decker, K. (1977) · Bacteriological Reviews · doi:10.1128/br.41.1.100-180.1977 · Cited by 4,146
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Kadlec, R. H., & Wallace, S. (2008) · doi:10.1201/9781420012514 · Cited by 1,009
Microbial processes influencing performance of treatment wetlands: A review
Faulwetter, J. L., Gagnon, V., Sundberg, C., Chazarenc, F., Burr, M. D., Brisson, J., Camper, A. K., & Stein, O. R. (2009) · Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.030 · Cited by 788
Francis, C. A., Beman, J. M., & Kuypers, M. M. M. (2007) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2007.8 · Cited by 760
Microbial ecology of expanding oxygen minimum zones
Wright, J. J., Konwar, K. M., & Hallam, S. J. (2012) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2778 · Cited by 579
Metadata
- Authors
- Mulder, A., van de Graaf, A. A., Robertson, L. A., & Kuenen, J. G.
- Venue
- FEMS Microbiology Ecology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 1995-03-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 177-183
- ISSN
- 0168-6496 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4245689640
- Cited by
- 1,880
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 11.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/0168-6496(94)00081-7
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- Mulder, A., van de Graaf, A. A., Robertson, L. A., & Kuenen, J. G. (1995). Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-6496(94)00081-7
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
