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‘Polyaniline’: Protonic acid doping of the emeraldine form to the metallic regime
Open accessAbstract
The emeraldine base form of polyaniline, which consists of equal numbers of reduced [(C6H4)N(H)(C6H4)N(H)] and oxidized [(C6H4)N(C6H4)N] repeat units, is doped to the metallic conducting regime by aqueous 1 M HCl. The product is believed to consist of equal numbers of the reduced repeat units and the diprotonated oxidized repeat units, The resulting material appears to have significant π delocalization in the polymer backbone. The doping is of a type not hitherto observed in a conducting polymer. It results in the formation of an environmentally stable nitrogen base salt rather than of a carbonium ion as in conventional oxidative p-doping of a polymer. Unlike all other conducting polymers, its conductivity depends on two variables, namely the degree of oxidation and the degree of protonation of the material. Various relationships between conductivity, pH of the acid dopant solutions, percentage doping and pKa of the protonated emeraldine salt are described and discussed.
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Cited by
Electrochemistry of Conducting Polymers—Persistent Models and New Concepts
Heinze, J., Frontana-Uribe, B. A., & Ludwigs, S. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr900226k · Cited by 1,258
Counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells
Wu, J., Lan, Z., Lin, J., Huang, M., Huang, Y., Fan, L., Luo, G., Lin, Y., Xie, Y., & Wei, Y. (2017) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c6cs00752j · Cited by 788
Nanofiber Formation in the Chemical Polymerization of Aniline: A Mechanistic Study
Huang, J., & Kaner, R. B. (2004) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200460616 · Cited by 756
Polyaniline Nanofibers Prepared by Dilute Polymerization
Chiou, N. ‐., & Epstein, A. J. (2005) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200401000 · Cited by 562
Recent advances in polyaniline based biosensors
Dhand, C., Das, M., Datta, M., & Malhotra, B. D. (2011) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2010.10.017 · Cited by 522
Metadata
- Authors
- Chiang, J.-C., & MacDiarmid, A. G.
- Venue
- Synthetic Metals
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1986-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 193-205
- ISSN
- 0379-6779 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012110229
- Cited by
- 1,979
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 72.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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- Chiang, J.-C., & MacDiarmid, A. G. (1986). ‘Polyaniline’: Protonic acid doping of the emeraldine form to the metallic regime. Synthetic Metals. https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(86)90070-6
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