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Relationship between approach and avoidance inclinations to use alcohol and treatment outcomes
Open accessAbstract
Background Despite growing recognition of the importance of multidimensional assessments of craving, little is known about how both approach and avoidance of alcohol inclinations change during the course of treatment, or relate to treatment outcomes. The current study examined the relationship between approach inclinations, avoidance inclinations, and treatment outcomes in individuals seeking treatment for alcohol dependence, and investigated whether changes in approach and avoidance ratings were associated with changes in drinking. Methods Individuals (n=81) seeking treatment for alcohol dependence were randomized to receive either 12-sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy plus healthy living skills or 12-sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy plus affect regulation training. Participants provided pre- and post- treatment scores on various measures including drinking behaviors and approach and avoidance inclinations to use alcohol. Results Results indicated that both approach and avoidance inclinations were uniquely and significantly associated with problem recognition, and that avoidance inclinations were uniquely related to taking steps to make a change in alcohol use at baseline. In addition, avoidance inclinations were positively associated with number of sessions attended with no association found for approach ratings. Finally, results suggested that changes observed in drinking outcomes (drinks/day and% days abstinent) were significantly associated with changes in approach, but not avoidance inclinations. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of measuring both desire to consume and desire to avoid consuming alcohol simultaneously and suggest that avoidance inclinations are associated with treatment initiation and retention, and approach inclinations with positive treatment outcomes.
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Approach bias is associated with relapse to alcohol after receiving treatment for alcohol dependence.
“and has been associated with relapse to alcohol after receiving treatment for alcohol dependence (Schlauch et al., 2012).”
From Acceptability and Co-Development of an Online Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention for Emerging Adults With Hazardous Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety: A Mixed Methods Study (2020) · cites this paper as Schlauch et al., 2012
The Discussion reports that changes in approach inclinations were significantly associated with changes in drinking from pre- to post-treatment. It does not establish an association with relapse after treatment; the Discussion says the study design could not examine those temporal relationships. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Schlauch, R. C., Stasiewicz, P. R., Bradizza, C. M., Coffey, S. F., Gulliver, S. B., & Gudleski, G. D.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
- VA Heart of Texas Health Care Network (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schlauch, Robert C.
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 824-830
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3356494
- OpenAlex
- W2018293510
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA015064, AA015064, T32AA007583)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- alcoholism, craving, treatment outcomes, cognitive behavioral therapy, problem identification, treatment retention, alcohol consumption, abstinence
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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