Parenting under the influence: The effects of opioids, alcohol and cocaine on mother–child interaction
Open accessAbstract
Nearly 20% of adults receiving treatment for a substance use disorder live with their minor children (Stanger et al., 1999) and women in drug use treatment are twice as likely as men to have children in their household (Wechsberg et al., 1998). Parental drug use impacts the family through reduced family resources such as money and food, and researchers consistently note parenting deficits among substance users (Solis, Shadur, Burns, & Hussong, 2012). Little is known about differences in parenting and mother-child interaction among mothers with different drugs of choice or among mothers of older children, between 8 and 16 years. This study reports the findings from a sample of treatment seeking opioid, alcohol and cocaine using mothers and their 8-16-year-old child. Findings from a mother-child observational task and self-reported parenting measure indicated less undermining autonomy and higher mother maternal acceptance among opioid compared to alcohol addicted mothers. African American mothers were observed to have fewer negative interactional behaviors than Whites and both African American mothers and children self-reported higher firm control and maternal acceptance. Overall, mothers appeared to struggle with effective discipline with older versus younger children. Findings offer useful information to clinicians seeking to effectively tailor their interventions to women and children who present with different drugs of abuse, race/culture and developmental stage of child.
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In mothers with substance use disorders, anxious-insecure attachment patterns may lead to difficulties when interacting with their children.
“In particular in mothers with SUDs, anxious-insecure attachment patterns (45, 46) may lead to difficulties when interacting with their children (e.g., inconsistency in the ability to perceive and respond to babies’ signals) (47).”
From Mothering, Substance Use Disorders and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission: An Attachment-Based Perspective (2019) · cites this paper as [46]
The Discussion reports that mothers with substance use disorders generally struggle with parenting and parent–child interaction. But the Methods describe interactions with children aged 8–16, and the paper does not link those difficulties to anxious-insecure attachment or assess mothers’ responses to babies’ signals. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 36 · Cited by 54
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- Authors
- Slesnick, N., Feng, X., Brakenhoff, B., & Brigham, G. S.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Slesnick, Natasha
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 897-900
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4012539
- OpenAlex
- W2030498328
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA023062)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Social Sciences › Demography › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
- Keywords
- maternal substance use, mother-child interaction, opioid use disorder, alcoholism, cocaine dependence, parenting, maternal acceptance, corporate control, child discipline, child autonomy, African American mothers, race and culture, child age, addiction treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Alcoholism, Analysis of Variance, Black or African American, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Opioid-Related Disorders, Parenting, Cocaine-Related Disorders, White People
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