Socially anxious smokers experience greater negative affect and withdrawal during self-quit attempts
Open accessAbstract
Despite evidence of a strong and consistent relation between smoking and elevated social anxiety, strikingly little empirical work has identified mechanisms underlying the smoking-social anxiety link. Persons with elevated social anxiety may rely on smoking to cope with more severe nicotine withdrawal and post-quit negative mood states; yet, no known studies have investigated the relation of social anxiety to withdrawal severity. The current study examined the relation of social anxiety to post-quit nicotine withdrawal severity among 51 (33.3% female, Mage = 34.6) community-recruited smokers during the first two weeks following an unaided (i.e., no treatment) cessation attempt. Ecological momentary assessment was used to collect multiple daily ratings of withdrawal and negative mood states. Baseline social anxiety was related to increases in negative affect during the monitoring period and remained significantly related to post-quit withdrawal after controlling for negative affect, gender, lapses, and substance use. Persons with elevated social anxiety experience more severe post-quit withdrawal symptoms and increases in negative affect during a cessation attempt and may therefore benefit from intervention and treatment strategies geared toward helping them learn to cope with withdrawal and negative affect to improve cessation rates among these vulnerable smokers.
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The lack of significance for positive affect contradicted many other ambulatory assessment studies that yielded significant between-person associations between lower levels of positive affect and higher levels of negative affect with social anxiety.
“This lack of significance contradicted many other AA studies that yielded significant between-person associations between lower levels of PA and higher levels of NA with SA [16,20,30,54,57,58,61,69,70].”
From Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [57]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBuckner et al found that baseline social anxiety was associated with increases in negative affect throughout the monitored days and was also significantly associated with postquit withdrawal.
“they showed that baseline SA was associated with increases in NA throughout the days in which the participants were monitored but was also significantly associated with postquit withdrawal.”
From Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [57]
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References 40 · Cited by 14
- Authors
- Buckner, J. D., Langdon, K. J., Jeffries, E. R., & Zvolensky, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Buckner, Julia D.
- Venue
- Addictive Behaviors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 55
- Pages
- 46-49
- ISSN
- 0306-4603 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4866883
- OpenAlex
- W2231020943
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Addictive Behaviors (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R34DA031937, F31DA026634)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- social anxiety, smoking cessation, nicotine withdrawal, negative affect, withdrawal symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Self Care, Smoking, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Tobacco Use Disorder, Smoking Cessation
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