The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Decontamination of surgical face masks and N95 respirators by dry heat pasteurization for one hour at 70°C
Open accessAbstract
Background The need for protective masks greatly exceeds their global supply during the current COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We optimized the temperature used in the dry heat pasteurization method to destroy pathogens and decontaminate masks while retaining their filtering capacity.Results The current study showed that dry heat at both 60°C and 70°C for 1 hour could successfully kill 6 species of respiratory bacteria and one fungi species, and inactivate the H1N1 indicator virus. After being heated at 70°C for 1, 2, and 3 hours, the N95 respirators and surgical face masks showed no changes in their shape and components. The filtering efficiency of bacterial aerosol for N95 respirators were 98%, 98%, and 97% after being heated for 1, 2, and 3 hour, respectively, all of which were over the 95% efficiency required and similar to the value before being heated (99%). The filtering efficiency for surgical face masks was 97%, 97%, and 96% for 1, 2, and 3 hours of heating, respectively, all of which were also similar to the value before being heated (97%).Conclusions This method can be used at home and can significantly resolve the current shortage of masks.
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“Recent works 7, 23, 26-29 focused nearly exclusively on the performance of the respirators, i.e., their filtration performance.”
From Assessment of N95 and K95 respirator decontamination: fiber integrity, filtration efficiency, and dipole charge density (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
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“Hence, dry-heat has emerged as a simple and promising decontamination method; 26-27 it uniformly disinfects respirators with good scalability.”
From Assessment of N95 and K95 respirator decontamination: fiber integrity, filtration efficiency, and dipole charge density (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
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Cites
Toward Understanding the Risk of Secondary Airborne Infection: Emission of Respirable Pathogens
Nicas, M., Nazaroff, W. W., & Hubbard, A. (2005) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · doi:10.1080/15459620590918466 · Cited by 867
COVID-19—New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic
del Rı́o, C., & Malani, P. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.3072 · Cited by 761
Loeb, M., Dafoe, N., Mahony, J., John, M., Sarabia, A., Glavin, V., Webby, R., Smieja, M., Earn, D. J. D., Chong, S., et al. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1466 · Cited by 465
The impact of temperature on the inactivation of enteric viruses in food and water: a review
Bertrand, I., Schijven, J. F., Sánchez, G., et al. (2012) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05267.x · Cited by 259
Heimbuch, B. K., Wallace, W. H., Kinney, K. R., Lumley, A. E., Wu, C., Woo, M.-H., & Wander, J. D. (2010) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2010.07.004 · Cited by 223
Vieira, F. R., & Pecchia, J. A. (2017) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-017-1026-7 · Cited by 69
Hamamoto, I., Takaku, H., Tashiro, M., & Yamamoto, N. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059892 · Cited by 55
Steam treatment for rapid decontamination of N95 respirators and medical face masks
Li, D. F., Cadnum, J. L., Redmond, S. N., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2020.05.009 · Cited by 35
Roth, B., Mohr, H., Enders, M., et al. (2011) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.063 · Cited by 20
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Yim, W., Cheng, D., Patel, S., Kui, R., Meng, Y. S., & Jokerst, J. V. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.07.07.20148551 · Cited by 104
Metadata
- Authors
- Xiang, Y., Song, Q., & Gu, W.
- Affiliations
- Ningbo First Hospital (CN)
- Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Song, Qifa
- Gu, Wenzhen
- ORCID
- Song, Qifa
- Venue
- American Journal of Infection Control
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 880-882
- ISSN
- 0196-6553 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7260521
- OpenAlex
- W3031952020
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 20
- FWCI
- 14.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Infection Control (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases (PPXK2018-06)
- Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (2017A610273)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- mask decontamination, N95 respirators, surgical masks, COVID-19 pandemic, mask shortage, pathogen inactivation, H1N1 influenza virus, respiratory tract bacteria, fungi
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Decontamination, Hot Temperature, Humans, Masks, Pneumonia, Viral, Ventilators, Mechanical, Respiratory Protective Devices, Occupational Exposure, Coronavirus Infections, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Pandemics, Pasteurization
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