Sleep Apnea, Hypertension, and the Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Abstract
Background Sleep apnea is being studied as a risk factor for hypertension. This observational chart review was conducted to determine the long-term effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on blood pressure (BP) in a sample of sleep apnea patients from urban and rural populations. Methods This study was conducted using data from 180 clinical charts from 1995 to 2002. Patients were identified as hypertensive or normotensive by their initial BP values before they were diagnosed with sleep apnea and were also reviewed after the use of CPAP. Results Of the patients diagnosed with sleep apnea, 32% were found to have hypertension (mean systolic BP: 164.4 +/- 20.3 mmHg; mean diastolic BP: 96.9 +/- 5.3 mmHg). The average use of CPAP was 12.1 +/- 22.4 months. The hypertensive group showed a significant reduction in BP with CPAP use: systolic BP dropped by an average of 11.2 mmHg (P Conclusions Our results confirm that frequency of hypertension is increased among sleep apnea patients. The long-term use of CPAP in hypertensive patients with sleep apnea is associated with a significant decrease in BP to levels that considerably decrease cardiovascular risk.
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Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent syndrome associated with substantial morbidity and increased mortality.
“OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA) IS A HIGHLY PREV-ALENT SYNDROME THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH SUB-STANTIAL MORBIDITY AND INCREASED MORTALITY. 1-10”
Positive airway pressure is the most uniformly effective therapy for OSA and the only intervention shown to favorably impact both cardiovascular and neurobehavioral morbidities.
“Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the most uniformly effective therapy, and to date this is the only intervention for OSA shown to have a favorable impact on both cardiovascular and neurobehavioral morbidities.1,2,6”
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- Authors
- DHILLON, S., CHUNG, S., FARGHER, T., HUTERER, N., & SHAPIRO, C.
- Affiliations
- University Health Network (CA)
- Corresponding author
- DHILLON, S
- Venue
- American Journal of Hypertension
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 594-600
- ISSN
- 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095323358
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- sleep apnea, hypertension, continuous positive airway pressure, blood pressure reduction, cardiovascular risk, rural and urban populations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Humans, Hypertension, Middle Aged, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Respiration, Retrospective Studies, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Body Mass Index
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