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Efficiency optimisation and converterless PV integration by applying a dynamic voltage on an LVDC backbone

Azaioud, Hakim, Farnam, Arash, Knockaert, Jos, Vandevelde, Lieven, Desmet, Jan·2024·Applied Energy
DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122416
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Crossref · 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122416

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Figures

Image 1
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 1 Architecture with distributed MPPT for every PV system and a constant or dynamic voltage strategy.
Fig. 1 Architecture with distributed MPPT for every PV system and a constant or dynamic voltage strategy.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 2 Architecture with converterless PV integration and a constant or dynamic voltage strategy.
Fig. 2 Architecture with converterless PV integration and a constant or dynamic voltage strategy.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 3 Illustration of the implemented methodology framework.
Fig. 3 Illustration of the implemented methodology framework.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 4 Single diode model with 𝑅 s and 𝑅 p .
Fig. 4 Single diode model with 𝑅 s and 𝑅 p .CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 5 Dependence of the parameters (a) 𝑅 p and (a) 𝑅 s on the irradiance.
Fig. 5 Dependence of the parameters (a) 𝑅 p and (a) 𝑅 s on the irradiance.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 6 Two-stage DC/AC inverter consisting of a DC/AC inverter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Fig. 6 Two-stage DC/AC inverter consisting of a DC/AC inverter and a bidirectional DC/DC converter.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 7 Illustration of the PV operating point and the shift caused by the auto-induced voltage rise.
Fig. 7 Illustration of the PV operating point and the shift caused by the auto-induced voltage rise.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 9
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 9 Illustration of the obstacle position and its dimensions for two situations.
Fig. 9 Illustration of the obstacle position and its dimensions for two situations.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 11
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 11 Comparison of 𝜖 ∗ and 𝜖 avg .
Fig. 11 Comparison of 𝜖 ∗ and 𝜖 avg .CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 12 Overlap of scatter diagram for 15 and 365 days and corresponding multi-variate distributions.
Fig. 12 Overlap of scatter diagram for 15 and 365 days and corresponding multi-variate distributions.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 13 Powerflow of the selected period and comparison of the percentage loss.
Fig. 13 Powerflow of the selected period and comparison of the percentage loss.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 14 Power and voltage profile for a day with high intermittency and a day with low intermittency.
Fig. 14 Power and voltage profile for a day with high intermittency and a day with low intermittency.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 16
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 16 Results of the basic analysis for the studied architectures and strategies with on (a) the normalised annual production, (b) the energy loss and (c) the combination of the curtailment and energy loss.
Fig. 16 Results of the basic analysis for the studied architectures and strategies with on (a) the normalised annual production, (b) the energy loss and (c) the combination of the curtailment and energy loss.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 17 Results of the sensitivity analysis with different distributions of the PV system sizes along the network with on the left column the normalised annual production, the middle column the loss and the right column the energy and curtailment loss.
Fig. 17 Results of the sensitivity analysis with different distributions of the PV system sizes along the network with on the left column the normalised annual production, the middle column the loss and the right column the energy and curtailment loss.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 18 The influence of the cable length on (a) the total energy loss and (b) curtailment loss.
Fig. 18 The influence of the cable length on (a) the total energy loss and (b) curtailment loss.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 20
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 20 The influence of 𝑓 sh on the cable and conversion loss for (a) 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and (b) 𝜒 = 0 . 25 and on the (normalised) annual PV production for (c) 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and (d) 𝜒 = 0 . 25 .
Fig. 20 The influence of 𝑓 sh on the cable and conversion loss for (a) 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and (b) 𝜒 = 0 . 25 and on the (normalised) annual PV production for (c) 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and (d) 𝜒 = 0 . 25 .CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 21 The influence of two different shading patterns on the (normalised) annual PV production and the cable and conversion loss for 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and 𝜒 = 0 . 25 .
Fig. 21 The influence of two different shading patterns on the (normalised) annual PV production and the cable and conversion loss for 𝜒 = 0 . 5 and 𝜒 = 0 . 25 .CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 23
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 23 The first column presents 𝑉 𝑚𝑝𝑝𝑡 and the second column presents 𝑃𝑚𝑝𝑝𝑡 , both as a function of the irradiance, ambient temperature and wind speed.
Fig. 23 The first column presents 𝑉 𝑚𝑝𝑝𝑡 and the second column presents 𝑃𝑚𝑝𝑝𝑡 , both as a function of the irradiance, ambient temperature and wind speed.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 25
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Image 26
CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 26 Voltage and power profiles for the studied architectures and strategies for an overcast, medium cloudy and clear sky day.
Fig. 26 Voltage and power profiles for the studied architectures and strategies for an overcast, medium cloudy and clear sky day.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 27 Instantaneous curtailed PV power and power loss for the studied architectures and strategies for an overcast, medium cloudy and clear sky day.
Fig. 27 Instantaneous curtailed PV power and power loss for the studied architectures and strategies for an overcast, medium cloudy and clear sky day.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Fig. 28 Power-voltage curves for different shading factors and ratios 𝜒 including the applied voltage values and ranges.
Fig. 28 Power-voltage curves for different shading factors and ratios 𝜒 including the applied voltage values and ranges.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF

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Metadata

Authors
Azaioud, H., Farnam, A., Knockaert, J., Vandevelde, L., & Desmet, J.
ORCID
Venue
Applied Energy
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-02
Volume
356
Pages
122416
ISSN
0306-2619
DOI
10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122416
Cited by
12
References
0
Language
en
Licence

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