Survey instrument for the universal design of consumer products

“Temporary blocks in retrieval can occur; an example is the “tip of the tongue” experience—the inability to instantly recall a particular term but retrieving it subsequently.”

“Although usability testing is the most widely used method ‘‘for minimizing mismatches between users and products’’ (Beecher and Paquet, 2005, p. 36), universal design, which aims to design for the vast majority of the world, has yet to be integrated into usability tests.”

“Ergonomics also provides evaluation tools for products and environments developed within the framework of Universal Design (Beecher and Paquet, 2005; Afacan and Erbug, 2009; Gray et al., 2012) as well as design guidelines (Nisbet, 1996; Abascal and Nicolle, 2005).”

“Research related to the universal design flourished more in the product field [ 4 , 19, 20, 59, 62] than architecture [44].”

“…international universal design and human factors design resources presented in literature (Grist et al. 1996, Goldsmith 1997, The Center for Universal Design 2000, Mullick and Levine 2001, Young and Pace 2001, Beecher and Paquet 2005, Canadian Human Rights Commission 2006, Afacan 2008a, 2008b).”

“A group of experts in the area of UD have developed a set of simple principles that allows a systematic evaluation of new or existing designs and assists in educating both designers and consumers about the characteristics of more usable products and environments [3,15,78].”

“Recent studies have suggested that the value of universal design can be further enhanced by placing the emphasis on redesigning mass-produced products or environments to accommodate those who have physical or cognitive limitations and have previously been excluded from effectively using the products or environments (B…”

“Who/what – Data collection and sometimes scientific research are primary objectives to meet the needs of those who are often excluded from product design (Table 6) (Coleman 2001; Beecher and Paquet 2005).”

“‘Design for all’ in homes Research related to ‘design for all’ in homes flourished more in the product field (Beecher and Paquet 2005; Demirbilek and Demirkan 2004; Demirbilek, Demirkan, and Alyanak 2000; Demirkan 2007) than in the built environment (Mace et al. 1991).”

“Research related to UD flourished more in the product field (Beecher and Paquet, 2005; Demirbilek et al, 2000; Demirbilek and Demirkan, 2004; Steinfield and Danford, 1994) compared to the built environment.”

“Table 2 compares the RAPUUD items to the principles articulated in three related conceptual frameworks: the Principles of Universal Design [5], Nielsen’s usability heuristics [19], and factors identified by Beecher and Paquet [2].”

“Bellenger et al. (1977) used Canonical Analysis and Factor Analysis by considering criteria such as quality, presence of related services, variety under one roof, and convenience for SM selection. Hauser and Koppelman (1979) used Principal Components Analysis andMultinomial Logic Model, taking into consideration varie…”

“…aimed at understanding the capacities of speci fi c user groups include contextual inquiry (Beyer and Holtzblatt 1997), surveys (Mikkonen et al. 2002; Beecher and Paquet 2005), tasks analysis (Sangelkar, Cowen, and Mcadams 2012), focus groups (Morgan 1997) and the Delphi technique (Martin et al.…”

“UD principles are evolving into government, industry, building, product, environmental design, curriculum, and educational standards (Armstrong, 2005; Beecher & Paquet, 2005; Bowe, 2000; Casper & Leuchovius, 2005; CEN/CENELEC, 2002; Marsden, Meehan, & Calkins, 2001).”

“An inaccessible stair step (left) [39] and an accessible building entrance (right) [57] illustrating a functional difference from the stair based entrance”

“In contrast, Universal Design places greater attention to designing mass-produced products or environments that can be used effectively without assistance by individuals with functional limitations [ 2 ].”

“A usability testing and a participatory design model help designers evaluate design characteristics and functionalities for universal products in an early design process or a conceptual phase (Demirbilek and Demirkan, 2004; Beecher and Paquet, 2005).”

“designed [12].”

“Innovative companies that generate a variety of products and services for satisfying customers’ specific needs are invoking and increasing research on mass-customized products, but the majority of their efforts are still focused on general consumers who are without disabilities [6, 7].”

“3 Phase 3: Identify Design Quality A usability testing and a participatory design model help designers evaluate design characteristics and functionalities for universal products in an early design process or a conceptual phase [1, 28].”

“UD Principles for Consumer Products [38] UD Principles for Needle-Nose Pliers [2] UD Principles for Screwdrivers [13] UD Principles Proposed in This Study”

“The Principles of Universal Design (Story 1998; Beecher and Paquet 2005) lay the groundwork for accessible products.”

“The Principles of Universal Design [1, 13] lay the groundwork for accessible products.”

“User-centred design approach to hydrotherapy devices design Researchers (Beecher & Paquet, 2005; Newell & Cairns, 1993) pointed out that disabled consumers’ needs have not been met as the majority of innovation and research efforts are still focused on consumers who are able bodied.”

“For instance, research has shown that AI can assist in generating content that resonates with different user groups, and in creating consistent and error-free microcopy and user prompts (Beecher et al., 2005; Subramonyam, 2021; Hong et al., 2021).”

“Tools are available for rating a product during usability testing in terms of how well it complies with the principles of universal design (Beecher and Paquet, 2005).”

“37,38 Drawing on the sound absorption mechanism of Helmholtz resonance and the universal design principles, the following concepts were implemented to enhance the absorption performance and broaden the noise reduction bandwidth in the mid-low frequency band.”

“Published available literature related to design appears to lack consideration of the needs and physical characteristics of both the elderly and the disabled [14].”

“In product design, too, minimization of physical load is important as a means to enhance the product value [3], [4].”

“Universal design is a process intended to promote the development of products or environments that can be used effectively by all without adaptation or stigmatization [11].”

“The changing demographic characteristics of western countries are forcing mobile device producers to take the needs of elderly proportion of the society into account in the design process, which are generally neglected by the mass-produced consumer product producers until today (Beecher and Paquet, 2005).”

“[2], there does not yet exist an established strategy for determining this for software or information systems.”

“…concepts relating to designs of assistive devices include universal design, accessible design, adaptive design, orphan technology; these are described as follows: (1) Universal design: as much as possible, create designs that are suitable for different genders, ages, and abilities (Beecher, 2005).”

“Beecher and Paquet [4] conducted a survey to assess the universality among consumer products (pens, container, pilers and calculators) in the USA.”

“The principles of such design methods to increase usability for everyone have been explored (Beecher & Paquet, 2005; Story, 1998).”

“Beecher's consumer product universal design scales[6],”

“Strength (14) Segmentation (1) Anti-weight (8) Composite material (40) Dynamics (15)”

“Additionally, Beecher and Paquet (2005) underscore Descriptive Preference Models’ value in choice behaviour studies, indicating that these models, framed with a solid experimental design, elicit nuanced insights into respondent preferences.”