The DOI matches its Crossref record; 111 of the 111 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stability of nanofluid: A review
Abstract
Abstract Nanofluid is a suspension of nanoparticles (at least one dimension less than 100 nm) in a basefluid having superior thermal, rheological and wettability properties, which improves the performance of several applications i.e. heat transfer, lubrication, drug delivery and enhanced oil recovery etc. However, the critical bottleneck for widespread use of nanofluid is its stability. The instability of nanofluid leads to reduction in system performance with passage of time. Addressing the long term stability of nanofluid and its reusability are essential requirements for successful industrial use. This article focuses on different aspects of nanofluid stability starting from the preparation stage till implementation in practical applications. Specific attention has been given on nanofluid stability as a function of operating conditions i.e. high temperature, pressure, confinement, composition, salinity, external magnetic field and shear rate etc. in several applications i.e. heat transfer, microfluidics, lubrication, enhanced oil recovery and drag reduction etc. It is expected that the present review will provide guidance and contribute towards wider adoption of nanofluid in practical applications. Future research on stability issues related to techno-economic performance, hybrid nanofluid, quantum dot, hybrid stabilization technique, wall effect in microfluidics and porous media will further enhance the usability of nanofluid in widespread practical systems.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
DLS and zeta potential – What they are and what they are not?
Bhattacharjee, S. (2016) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.017 · Cited by 4,702
HYDRODYNAMIC AND HEAT TRANSFER STUDY OF DISPERSED FLUIDS WITH SUBMICRON METALLIC OXIDE PARTICLES
Pak, B. C., & Cho, Y. I. (1998) · Experimental Heat Transfer · doi:10.1080/08916159808946559 · Cited by 4,422
Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids
Xuan, Y., & Li, Q. (2000) · International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow · doi:10.1016/s0142-727x(99)00067-3 · Cited by 2,676
Swinehart, D. F. (1962) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/ed039p333 · Cited by 1,969
High Weight Fraction Surfactant Solubilization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Water
Islam, M. F., Rojas, E., Bergey, D. M., Johnson, A. T., & Yodh, A. G. (2003) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl025924u · Cited by 1,826
Derjaguin, B., & Landau, L. (1993) · Progress in Surface Science · doi:10.1016/0079-6816(93)90013-l · Cited by 1,802
A Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, Stability Mechanisms, and Applications
Yu, W., & Xie, H. (2012) · Journal of Nanomaterials · doi:10.1155/2012/435873 · Cited by 1,770
Nanoparticle Aggregation: Challenges to Understanding Transport and Reactivity in the Environment
Hotze, E. M., Phenrat, T., & Lowry, G. V. (2010) · Journal of Environmental Quality · doi:10.2134/jeq2009.0462 · Cited by 1,257
A review of nanofluid stability properties and characterization in stationary conditions
Ghadimi, A., Saidur, R., & Metselaar, H. S. C. (2011) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.04.014 · Cited by 1,174
High-Concentration, Surfactant-Stabilized Graphene Dispersions
Lotya, M., King, P. J., Khan, U., De, S., & Coleman, J. N. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn1005304 · Cited by 1,015
Cited by
Said, Z., Sundar, L. S., Tiwari, A. K., Ali, H. M., Sheikholeslami, M., Bellos, E., & Babar, H. (2022) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2021.07.002 · Cited by 391
Metadata
- Authors
- Chakraborty, S., & Panigrahi, P. K.
- Venue
- Applied Thermal Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 174
- Pages
- 115259
- ISSN
- 1359-4311 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3014969291
- Cited by
- 728
- References
- 111
- FWCI
- 24.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Stability of nanofluid: A review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115259
- The paper
- Chakraborty, S., & Panigrahi, P. K. (2020). Stability of nanofluid: A review. Applied Thermal Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115259
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
