The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparison of regulated emission factors of Euro 6 LDV in Nordic temperatures and cold start conditions: Diesel- and gasoline direct-injection
Open accessAbstract
Local air pollution in Norwegian wintertime is characterized by an increase in NO 2 concentrations, due to poor dispersion and increased vehicle emissions. The focus of this study is therefore the characterisation of exhaust vehicle emissions in cold ambient temperatures. Euro 6 Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) cars and diesel cars were tested in the laboratory in cold temperatures, including with cold start of the engine. Results show high emissions of CO 2 , PM and NO x . For the first time, we report also elevated NO x values for GDI vehicles. Further measurements are required to investigate whether these results are the beginning of a new trend of high NO x emissions from GDIs, or if these results represent singular events, but it may indicate that further NO x traps or catalysts are required for these vehicles. Understanding the relationship of cold ambient temperatures and vehicle emissions is also particularly important for air quality dispersion modelling, which do not currently account for emission temperature dependence.
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“Under extremely cold conditions, pollution emission rates from domestic heating and energy production are generally high, and traffic emissions at cold temperatures can release comparatively more pollutants than under higher temperatures due to inefficient combustion conditions (e.g., Brett et al., 2025;Weber et al., 2019;Zhu et al., 2022).”
From In situ vertical observations of the layered structure of air pollution in a continental high-latitude urban boundary layer during winter (2025) · cites this paper as Weber et al., 2019
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“Under extremely cold conditions, pollution emission rates from domestic heating and energy production are generally high, and traffic emissions at cold temperatures can release comparatively more pollutants than under higher temperatures due to inefficient combustion conditions (e.g., Brett et al., 2025;Weber et al., 2019;Zhu et al., 2022).”
From In situ vertical observations of the layered structure of air pollution in a continental high-latitude urban boundary layer during winter (2025) · cites this paper as Weber et al., 2019
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Cites
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Platt, S. M., Haddad, I. E., Pieber, S. M., Huang, R., Zardini, A. A., Clairotte, M., Suárez‐Bertoa, R., Barmet, P., Pfaffenberger, L., Wolf, R., et al. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4749 · Cited by 154
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Giechaskiel, B., Joshi, A., Ntziachristos, L. D., & Dilara, P. (2019) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal9070586 · Cited by 114
A Self‐Powered Portable Nanowire Array Gas Sensor for Dynamic NO2 Monitoring at Room Temperature
Wei, S., Li, Z., Murugappan, K., Li, Z., Zhang, F., Gopakumar, A., Lysevych, M., Tan, H. H., Jagadish, C., Tricoli, A., et al. (2022) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202207199 · Cited by 100
Mera, Z., González, N. E. F., Kindelán, J. C., & López, J.-M. (2020) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117878 · Cited by 53
Hall, D., Anderson, D. C., Martin, C. R., Ren, X., Salawitch, R. J., He, H., Canty, T. P., Hains, J. C., & Dickerson, R. R. (2020) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117558 · Cited by 44
Giechaskiel, B., Valverde, V., Κοντσές, Α., Suárez‐Bertoa, R., Selleri, T., Melas, A., Otura, M., Ferrarese, C., Martini, G., Balazs, A., et al. (2021) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos12081011 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Weber, C., Sundvor, I., & Figenbaum, E.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Transport Economics (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Weber, Christian
- Venue
- Atmospheric Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 206
- Pages
- 208-217
- ISSN
- 1352-2310 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2920412987
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Atmospheric Environment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- EMIROAD-programme
- Norwegian Public Roads Administration
- VTT in Helsinki, Finland
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Vehicle emissions and performance
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Engine and Fuel Emissions
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes › Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Keywords
- vehicle emissions, cold start, cold ambient temperature, Euro 6, light-duty vehicles, gasoline direct injection, diesel direct injection, NOx emissions, particulate matter, CO2 emissions, NOx trap, winter air pollution, NO2
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- Weber, C., Sundvor, I., & Figenbaum, E. (2019). Comparison of regulated emission factors of Euro 6 LDV in Nordic temperatures and cold start conditions: Diesel- and gasoline direct-injection. Atmospheric Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.02.031
