The biomarker sex hormone-binding globulin – From established applications to emerging trends in clinical medicine
Abstract
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a serum glycoprotein exhibiting the unique feature of binding sex steroids with high affinity and specificity. Its serum levels are regulated not only by androgens and estrogens but also by thyroid hormones and other metabolic factors. Several disease conditions are accompanied by altered SHBG levels such as hyper- and hypoandrogenism, thyroid disorders, pituitary diseases, liver disorders, and breast as well as prostate cancer. Additionally, several drugs and alcohol consumption influence serum concentrations of SHBG. In some cases, altered SHBG levels are a specific result of the underlying pathology. In others, they merely constitute an epiphenomenon, which still might offer the possibility of using serum measurements of SHBG as surrogate marker. This review article portrays the different disorders associated with altered SHBG levels and discusses the usefulness of SHBG as disease biomarker from a clinicians as well as from an endocrinological researchers point of view.
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All these disorders (T2D, obesity, PCOS, male hypogonadism, liver disease, bone health and cancer) have been associated with altered SHBG levels.
“All these disorders have been associated with altered SHBG levels [114].”
From Role of sex hormone-binding globulin in the free hormone hypothesis and the relevance of free testosterone in androgen physiology (2022) · cites this paper as [114]
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References 94 · Cited by 125
- Authors
- Thaler, M. A., Seifert-Klauss, V., & Luppa, P. B.
- Affiliations
- TUM Klinikum (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Luppa, Peter B.
- Venue
- Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 749-760
- ISSN
- 1521-690X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1942221860
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- sex hormone-binding globulin, disease biomarkers, hyperandrogenism, hypoandrogenism, thyroid dysfunction, pituitary disorders, liver disease, breast cancer, prostate cancer, alcohol consumption, surrogate markers
- MeSH terms
- Endocrine System Diseases, Humans, Liver Diseases, Neoplasms, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Biomarkers, Tumor
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