Rescripting early memories linked to negative images in social phobia: A pilot study
Open accessAbstract
Negative self-images are a maintaining factor in social phobia. A retrospective study (Hackmann, A., Clark, D.M., McManus, F. (2000). Recurrent images and early memories in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 601-610) suggested that the images may be linked to early memories of unpleasant social experiences. This preliminary study assessed the therapeutic impact of rescripting such memories. Patients with social phobia (N=11) attended 2 sessions, 1 week apart. The first was a control session in which their images and memories were discussed but not modified. The second was an experimental session in which cognitive restructuring followed by an imagery with rescripting procedure was used to contextualize and update the memories. No change was observed after the control session. The experimental session led to significant improvement in negative beliefs, image and memory distress and vividness, fear of negative evaluation, and anxiety in feared social situations. The results suggest that rescripting unpleasant memories linked to negative self-images may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of social phobia.
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Changes in the meaning of negative autobiographical memories and their importance for identity occur following psychological interventions for social anxiety that directly target negative autobiographical memories.
“In summary, a number of studies have demonstrated that changes in the meaning of negative autobiographical memories and their importance for identity occurs following psychological interventions for social anxiety that directly target negative autobiographical memories (Wild et al., 2008).”
From Changes in perceived centrality of anxious events following cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder and panic disorder (2018) · cites this paper as Wild et al., 2008
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that memory rescripting changed the meaning of traumatic memories in patients with social phobia, supporting the claim about meaning after an intervention targeting those memories. The paper does not report a change in the memories’ importance for identity, and this citation is to one small pilot study rather than evidence of a number of studies. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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References 48 · Cited by 212
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Brown T.A. Di Nardo P.A. Barlow D.H. Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV 1994 Oxford University Press New York
- First M.B. Spitzer R.L. Gibbon M. Williams J.B. User’s guide for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders: SCID-I Clinician Version 1995 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC
- Authors
- Wild, J., Hackmann, A., & Clark, D. M.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wild, Jennifer
- Venue
- Behavior Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47-56
- ISSN
- 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2270350
- OpenAlex
- W2094747237
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 9.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (069777)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, negative self-concept, early memories, cognitive restructuring, imagery rescripting, fear of negative evaluation, memory vividness, social anxiety, adjunctive psychotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Phobic Disorders, Pilot Projects, Social Adjustment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Imagery, Psychotherapy
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