Design of sustainable second-generation biomass supply chains
Open accessAbstract
Operational and economic trade-offs in the design of second-generation biomass (SGB) supply chains guide the decisions about plant scale and location as well as biomass collection routes. This paper compares different SGB supply chain designs with a focus on mobile pyrolysis plants and centralized versus decentralized collection of biomass in terms of economic and environmental sustainability. Pyrolysis scenarios are also compared to fuel-upgrading and electricity production scenarios. The empirical context of this paper is based on a scenario analysis for processing lignocellulosic biomass, particularly landscape wood, reed and roadside grass available in the Overijssel region (Eastern Netherlands). Four scenarios are compared: (1) mobile pyrolysis plant processes the locally available biomass on-site into pyrolysis oil which is sent to a regional biofuel production unit for upgrading to marketable biofuel; (2) local biomass is collected and transported to a regional pyrolysis-based biofuel production unit for upgrading to a marketable biofuel; (3) mobile pyrolysis plant performs the on-site conversion to pyrolysis oil which is transported to an oil refinery outside the region (Rotterdam); and (4) collected biomass is sent to the nearest electricity production unit to generate electricity. The results show that processing SGB is costly and upgraded oil and refined oil are at least 65% more expensive compared to their fossil counterparts. In terms of economic and environmental performance, the mobile plant performs slightly better than a fixed plant. The energy output/input ratio range is between 6.99 and 7.54 and CO2 emissions range is between 96 and 138 kg CO2/t upgraded oil.
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The wide geographic distribution of forest residues usually causes high costs of logistics operations such as collection, loading, transportation, unloading, and storage.
“Considering the low price of forest residues, they are considered as a potential feedstock for biochar; however, the wide geographic distribution of forest residues usually causes high costs of logistics operations, e.g., collection, loading, transportation, unloading, and storage [4,11,12].”
From Lifecycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Biochar Pellet Production from Forest Residues and Field Application (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Section 2.1 (Harvesting and collection; page unavailable) says dispersed biomass sites require more transport moves and describes negative economic impacts of dispersion. Section 5.2 (page unavailable) also links longer collection distances to higher transportation costs. The paper does not establish that forest residues specifically are widely distributed or that this distribution raises loading, unloading, and storage costs. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe high cost of inbound and outbound logistics is one of the main obstacles to the commercialization of the biochar industry and its growth.
“The high cost of inbound (i.e., biomass) and outbound (i.e., biochar) logistics is one of the main obstacles to the commercialization of the biochar industry and its growth.”
From Lifecycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Biochar Pellet Production from Forest Residues and Field Application (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
The Introduction and §2.1 identify costly biomass transport as a barrier to the economic viability of second-generation bioenergy. Section 3.3 includes trucks carrying bio-oil and char, but the paper does not identify outbound biochar logistics as a main obstacle to commercialization or growth of a biochar industry; it studies supply chains in which biochar is a byproduct. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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References 38 · Cited by 39
Research works printed but not linked: 9
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- Authors
- Yazan, D. M., van Duren, I., Mes, M., Kersten, S., Clancy, J., & Zijm, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Twente (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Yazan, Devrim Murat
- Venue
- Biomass and Bioenergy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 94
- Pages
- 173-186
- ISSN
- 0961-9534 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2520048545
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomass and Bioenergy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Twente Research Information (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Bioeconomy and Sustainability Development
- Keywords
- second-generation biomass, supply chain design, lignocellulosic biomass, bio-oil upgrading, biofuel production, electricity generation, reed, roadside grasses, CO2 emissions, economic sustainability, environmental sustainability, Overijssel
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