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Cited by 105Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen RemovalAnaerobic Digestion and Biogas ProductionEnvironmental Chemistry and Analysis

Gel immobilization: A strategy to improve the performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria for nitrogen-rich wastewater treatment

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Ahmad, Hafiz Adeel, Ni, Shou-Qing, Ahmad, Shakeel, Zhang, Jian, Ali, Muhammad, Ngo, Huu Hao, Guo, Wenshan, Tan, Zuwan, Wang, Qi·2020·Bioresource Technology
DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123642
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Abstract

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process appears a suitable substitute to nitrification-denitrification at a lower C/N ratios. Anammox is a chemolithoautotrophic process, belong to phylum Planctomycetes, and they are slow growing bacteria. Different strategies, e.g., biofilm formation, granulation and gel immobilization, have been applied to maintain a critical mass of bacterial cells in the system by avoiding washout from the bioreactor. Gel immobilization of anammox appears the best alternative to the natural process of biofilm formation and granulation. Polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, and waterborne polyurethane are the most reported materials used for the entrapment of anammox bacteria. However, dissolution of the gel beads refrains its application for long term bioprocess. Magnetic powder could coat on the surface of the beads which may increase the mechanical strength and durability of pellets. Application and problem of immobilization technology for the commercialization of this technology also addressed.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ahmad, H. A., Ni, S.-Q., Ahmad, S., Zhang, J., Ali, M., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W., Tan, Z., & Wang, Q.
Affiliations
  • Shandong University (CN)
  • Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture (PK)
  • King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (SA)
  • University of Technology Sydney (AU)
  • Gezhouba Group (China) (CN)
Corresponding author
Ni, Shou-Qing
ORCID
Venue
Bioresource Technology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-10
Volume
313
Pages
123642
ISSN
0960-8524 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123642
OpenAlex
W3033373270
Cited by
105
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 2
FWCI
0.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Bioresource Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney) (submittedVersion)
  • King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
Keywords
anammox, anammox bacteria, bacterial immobilization, waterborne polyurethane, polyethylene glycol, biofilm formation, granulation, bioprocess scale-up
MeSH terms
Anaerobiosis, Bacteria, Nitrogen, Oxidation-Reduction, Sewage, Bioreactors, Denitrification, Wastewater, Ammonium Compounds

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