Adolescent mice are less sensitive to the effects of acute nicotine on context pre-exposure than adults
Open accessAbstract
Adolescence is a critical developmental period associated with both increased vulnerability to substance abuse and maturation of certain brain regions important for learning and memory such as the hippocampus. In this study, we employed a hippocampus-dependent learning context pre-exposure facilitation effect (CPFE) paradigm in order to test the effects of acute nicotine on contextual processing during adolescence (post-natal day (PND) 38) and adulthood (PND 53). In Experiment 1, adolescent or adult C57BL6/J mice received either saline or one of three nicotine doses (0.09, 0.18, and 0.36mg/kg) prior to contextual pre-exposure and testing. Our results demonstrated that both adolescent and adult mice showed CPFE in the saline groups. However, adolescent mice only showed acute nicotine enhancement of CPFE with the highest nicotine dose whereas adult mice showed the enhancing effects of acute nicotine with all three doses. In Experiment 2, to determine if the lack of nicotine's effects on CPFE shown by adolescent mice is specific to the age when they are tested, mice were either given contextual pre-exposure during adolescence or adulthood and received immediate shock and testing during adulthood after a 15day delay. We found that both adolescent and adult mice showed CPFE in the saline groups when tested during adulthood. However, like Experiment 1, mice that received contextual pre-exposure during adolescence did not show acute nicotine enhancement except at the highest dose (0.36mg/kg) whereas both low (0.09mg/kg) and high (0.36mg/kg) doses enhanced CPFE in adult mice. Finally, we showed that the enhanced freezing response found with 0.36mg/kg nicotine in the 15-day experiment may be a result of decreased locomotor activity as mice that received this dose of nicotine traveled shorter distances in an open field paradigm. Overall, our results indicate that while adolescent mice showed normal contextual processing when tested both during adolescence and adulthood, they are less sensitive to the enhancing effects of nicotine on contextual processing.
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Adolescent mice showed learning enhancement only at the highest nicotine dose, whereas adult mice showed behavioral effects at lower doses.
“Whereas adolescent mice only showed learning enhancement at the highest nicotine dose, adult mice exhibited behavioral effects at lower nicotine doses.”
From Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. (2020) · cites this paper as Kutlu et al., 2016
Acute nicotine is less effective in adolescents than in adults at enhancing the context pre-exposure facilitation effect, a hippocampal-dependent learning paradigm.
“Acute nicotine is also less effective in adolescents than adults at enhancing the context pre-exposure facilitation effect, a hippocampal-dependent learning paradigm (Kutlu et al., 2016).”
From Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. (2020) · cites this paper as Kutlu et al., 2016
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References 49 · Cited by 7
- Authors
- Kutlu, M. G., Braak, D. C., Tumolo, J. M., & Gould, T. J.
- Affiliations
- Temple University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kutlu, Munir Gunes
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 1642
- Pages
- 445-451
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5755392
- OpenAlex
- W2340124687
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 0.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA017949)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- hippocampus-dependent learning, contextual processing, locomotor activity, freezing response, mice
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Conditioning, Psychological, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Electroshock, Exploratory Behavior, Fear, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity, Nicotine, Psychological Tests, Nicotinic Agonists, Models, Animal, Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic
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