CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 6

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Intestinal worms eating neuropsychiatric disorders? Apparently so

Kou, Henry H., Parker, William·2018·Brain Research
DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.023
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

A number of factors in Western society, including inflammatory diets, sedentary lifestyles, vitamin D deficiency and chronic psychological stress, are known to induce inflammation and to be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. One factor that is emerging as a potential inflammation inducing factor is biota depletion, or loss of biodiversity from the ecosystem of the human body as a result of industrialization. Originally known as the "hygiene hypothesis", biota alteration theory describes the effects of biota alteration on the human immune system. Work on this topic has pinpointed depletion of helminths as a key loss to the body's ecosystem in Western society, and suggests that some exposure to helminths, ubiquitous prior to the modern era, may be necessary for normal immune system development. Socio-medical studies of humans "self-treating" with helminths as well as limited studies in animal models strongly suggest that helminth therapy may be a productive approach toward treating a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic fatigue, migraine headaches, depression and anxiety disorders. However, helminth therapy faces some daunting hurdles, including the lack of a financial incentive for development, despite a tremendous potential market for the organisms. It is argued that benevolent donation for early trials as well as changes in regulatory policy to accommodate helminth therapy may be important for the field to develop. It is hoped that future success w…

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.023

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 2 references

Research works printed but not linked: 35

  1. Becker, 2007, Autism, asthma, inflammation, and the hygiene hypothesis, Med. Hypotheses, 69, 731, 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.019 · DOI
  2. Bilbo, 2011, Reconstitution of the human biome as the most reasonable solution for epidemics of allergic and autoimmune diseases, Med. Hypotheses, 77, 494, 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.06.019 · DOI
  3. Blackley, C.H., 1873. Experimental researches on the causes and nature of catarrhus aestivus, hay fever or hay asthma, Vol., Bailliere, Tindall, and Cox, London. · DOI
  4. Bono-Lunn, 2016, Policy and regulations in light of the human body as a ‘superorganism’ containing multiple, intertwined symbiotic relationships, Clin. Res. Regul. Affairs, 33, 39, 10.1080/10601333.2016.1210159 · DOI
  5. Carabotti, 2015, The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems, Ann. Gastroenterol. Q. Publ. Hellenic Soc. Gastroenterol., 28, 203
  6. Cheng, A.M., et al., 2015. Overcoming evolutionary mismatch by self-treatment with helminths: current practices and experience. J. Evol. Med. 3, Article ID 235910. · DOI
  7. Correale, 2007, Association between parasite infection and immune responses in multiple sclerosis, Ann. Neurol., 61, 97, 10.1002/ana.21067 · DOI
  8. Flowers, 2013, Autoimmune disease: Patients self-treat with parasitic worms, Nature, 493, 163, 10.1038/493163c · DOI
  9. Gleeson, 2004, Exercise, nutrition and immune function, J. Sports Sci., 22, 115, 10.1080/0264041031000140590 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Holick, 2007, Vitamin D deficiency, N. Engl. J. Med., 357, 266, 10.1056/NEJMra070553 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Kau, 2011, Human nutrition, the gut microbiome and the immune system, Nature (London), 474, 327, 10.1038/nature10213 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Krishnadas, 2012, Depression: an inflammatory illness?, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 83, 495, 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301779 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Liu, 2016, Practices and outcomes of self-treatment with helminths based on physicians' observations, J. Helminthol. FirstView, 1
  14. Lukes, 2014, (Self-) infections with parasites: re-interpretations for the present, Trends Parasitol., 30, 377, 10.1016/j.pt.2014.06.005 · DOI
  15. Lukes, 2015, Are human intestinal eukaryotes beneficial or commensals?, PLoS Pathog., 11, e1005039, 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005039 · DOI
  16. Moller, 1996, Oxidative stress associated with exercise, psychological stress and life-style factors, Chem. Biol. Interact., 102, 17, 10.1016/0009-2797(96)03729-5 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Muegge, 2011, Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humans, Science, 332, 970, 10.1126/science.1198719 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Parker, 2012, A prescription for clinical immunology: the pills are available and ready for testing, Curr. Med. Res. Opin., 28, 1193, 10.1185/03007995.2012.695731 · DOI
  19. Parker, 2013, Evolutionary biology and anthropology suggest biome reconstitution as a necessary approach toward dealing with immune disorders, Evol. Med. Public Health, 2013, 89, 10.1093/emph/eot008 · DOI
  20. Raison, 2010, Inflammation, sanitation, and consternation: Loss of contact with coevolved, tolerogenic microorganisms and the pathophysiology and treatment of major depression, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 67, 1211, 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.161 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Rook, 2014, Microbiota, immunoregulatory old friends and psychiatric disorders, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 817, 319, 10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_15 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Rook, 2014, Microbial 'old friends', immunoregulation and socioeconomic status, Clin. Exp. Immunol., 177, 1, 10.1111/cei.12269 · DOI
  23. Rook, 2009, Review series on helminths, immune modulation and the hygiene hypothesis: the broader implications of the hygiene hypothesis, Immunology, 126, 3, 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.03007.x · DOI · Paper page
  24. Rook, G.A.W., Lowry, C.A., 2009. The hygiene hypothesis and affective and anxiety disorders. In: Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine. Progress in Inflammation Research, Vol., ed.^eds. Birkhauser Verlag Ag, Viadukstrasse 40–44, Po Box 133, Ch-4010 Basel, Switzerland, pp. 189–220. · DOI
  25. Sears, 2011, Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition as a Pharmacological Approach to Treat Obesity, J. Obesity, 2011, 431985, 10.1155/2011/431985 · DOI
  26. Sears, 2015, Anti-inflammatory Diets, J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 34, 14, 10.1080/07315724.2015.1080105 · DOI
  27. Smyth, K., et al., 2017. Production and use of Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids as anti-inflammatory therapeutics. J. Clin. Med. In Press. · DOI
  28. Strachan, 1989, Hay fever, hygiene, and household size, Br. Med. J., 299, 1259, 10.1136/bmj.299.6710.1259 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Summers, 2005, Trichuris suis therapy in Crohn's disease, Gut, 54, 87, 10.1136/gut.2004.041749 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Tilp, 2013, Prerequisites for the pharmaceutical industry to develop and commercialise helminths and helminth-derived product therapy, Int. J. Parasitol., 43, 319, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.12.003 · DOI
  31. Turton, 1976, IgE, parasites, and allergy, Lancet, 2, 686, 10.1016/S0140-6736(76)92492-2 · DOI
  32. Weinstock, 2012, The worm returns: Joel V. Weinstock explains why several clinical trials are deliberately infecting people with helminths to treat autoimmune diseases, Nature, 491, 183, 10.1038/491183a · DOI
  33. Williamson, 2016, Got worms? Perinatal exposure to helminths prevents persistent immune sensitization and cognitive dysfunction induced by early-life infection, Brain Behav. Immun., 51, 14, 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.07.006 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Yatsunenko, 2012, Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography, Nature, 486, 222, 10.1038/nature11053 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Zaccone, 2006, Parasitic worms and inflammatory diseases, Parasite Immunol., 28, 515, 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00879.x · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Kou, H. H., & Parker, W.
Venue
Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-08
Volume
1693
Pages
218-221
ISSN
0006-8993
DOI
10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.023
Cited by
6
References
2
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review