Involvement of the optic tectum and mesencephalic reticular formation in the generation of saccadic eye movements in goldfish
Abstract
The circuitry and physiological properties underlying saccadic eye movement generation have been studied mainly in monkeys and cats. By contrast, current knowledge in nonmammalian species is rather scarce. We review here some of our recent findings about the involvement of the optic tectum and mesencephalic reticular formation in the generation of saccades in goldfish. Electrical microstimulation of the optic tectum evokes contraversive saccadic eye movements. In goldfish, as in mammals, the amplitude and direction of saccades are encoded in a spatial topographical map. In addition, there are some areas that have evolved, such as the extreme anteromedial tectal zone, whose activation yields eye convergence. Injections of the bidirectional tracer biotin dextran amine within functionally identified sites of the tectum provide reciprocal, site-dependent connectivity with different downstream structures. Of these structures, the major tectofugal target is the mesencephalic reticular formation. In goldfish, as in mammals, the mesencephalic reticular formation and optic tectum establish reciprocal connections at regional and neuronal levels which support the presence of feedback circuits. Electrical microstimulation demonstrates that the mesencephalic reticular formation can be functionally parceled-the rostral part is linked to vertical saccades, while the caudal part is related with horizontal ones. Finally, these zones are also differently connected to the optic tectum. From these data, we conclude that the involvement of the optic tectum and mesencephalic reticular formation in eye movement generation in goldfish is similar to that reported in cats and monkeys.
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Output neurons in the intermediate and deep layers of the teleost optic tectum are able to initiate orientation or avoidance responses through their projections to the reticular formation and other pre-motor cell groups in the brainstem, which activate motoneurons in oculomotor nuclei and spinal cord that control orienting eye and body movements.
“the output neurons in the intermediate and deep layers of the teleost optic tectum are able to initiate orientation or avoidance responses through their projections to the reticular formation and other pre-motor cell groups in the brainstem, which in turn activate the motoneurons in the oculomotor nuclei and spinal cord that control orienting eye and body movements”
From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
Neural circuits involved in egocentric orientation in teleost fish include mainly several stages of the sensory and perceptual systems, some sensorimotor forebrain circuits, the optic tectum, the cerebellum, and various premotor centers and descending pathways in the brainstem and medulla.
“These neural circuits include mainly several stages of the sensory and perceptual systems, some sensorimotor forebrain circuits, the optic tectum, the cerebellum, and various premotor centers and descending pathways in the brainstem and medulla”
From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
By virtue of its profuse connectivity with sensory and motor centers and its characteristic intrinsic organization, the teleost optic tectum provides the basis for multisensory integration and sensorimotor transformations required for a number of body-centered behaviors.
“By virtue of its profuse connectivity with a variety of sensory and motor centers, and because of its characteristic intrinsic organization, the teleost optic tectum provides the basis for the multisensory integration and sensorimotor transformations required for a number of body-centered behaviors”
From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
Spatial-to-temporal code transformations depend on the anatomical organization of the tecto-reticular projections to the separate brainstem generators for horizontal and vertical eye movements.
“These spatial-to-temporal code transformations are thought to depend on the anatomical organization of the tecto-reticular projections to the separate brainstem generators for horizontal and vertical eye movements [110,111,145,146,147].”
From Spatial Cognition in Teleost Fish: Strategies and Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as [111]
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References 77 · Cited by 40
- Authors
- Ángeles Luque, M., Pilar Pérez-Pérez, M., Herrero, L., & Torres, B.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Torres, Blas
- Venue
- Brain Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 388-397
- ISSN
- 0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1983952521
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- saccades, optic tectum, mesencephalic reticular formation, goldfish, eye convergence, feedback circuits
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Mapping, Goldfish, Reticular Formation, Saccades, Superior Colliculi
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